Detención

ex República Yugoslava de Macedonia

Macedonia - Criminal Procedure Code 2010 EN

PART TWO COURSE OF PROCEDURE
Chapter XV PRE-INVESTIGATIVE PROCEDURE
1. Criminal charge and authorization of the organs in the pre-investigative procedure

Article 142
(7) The invited person can be brought by force only with courts approval in case when he apparently avoids to report due to the received written invitation in which he is acknowledged of the possibility of forceful apprehension and in case when he would not justify his absence. The person which have showed up upon the written invitation, or was brought by force but have refused to give statement, can not be called upon for the same reasons.
(8) The person which is called or brought by force will be acknowledged for his rights under the Article 3 of this Law, but also for the circumstance that he is not being apprehended and that ones he gives or refuse to give the statement, can leave .

PART TWO COURSE OF PROCEDURE
Chapter XVII MEASURES FOR SECURING PRESENCE OF THE ACCUSED AND FOR SUCCESSFUL PERFORMANCE OF THE CRIMINAL PROCEDURE
3. Apprehension

Article 177
(1) The order for apprehension of the accused one can be issued by the court if there is an existence of the grounds for pre-trial custody under article 184 of this law, if the decision for the pre-trial custody is already brought or if the accused one who was correctly summoned does not come, and if he does not justify his absence or if was not possible to complete the correct delivering of the summon, and from the circumstances it is obvious that the accused one avoids the reception of the summon.
(2) The order for apprehension is carried out by the Ministry of Internal Affairs.
(3) The order for apprehension is issued in writing. The order has to contain: the name of the accused who is to be apprehended, the title of the imposed crime with the notification of the provision of the Criminal Code, the reasons for ordering apprehension, an official seal and signature of the judge who is ordering the apprehension.
(4) The person entrusted with the order hands in the order to the accused and asks him to follow him. If the accused refuses it, he will apprehend him forcefully.
(5) Against army officials, police officials or security officials of an institution for persons deprived from their freedom, an order for apprehension will not be issued but from their headquarters i.e. institution it will be demanded the person to be apprehended .

PART TWO COURSE OF PROCEDURE
Chapter XVII MEASURES FOR SECURING PRESENCE OF THE ACCUSED AND FOR SUCCESSFUL PERFORMANCE OF THE CRIMINAL PROCEDURE
8. Detention

Article 183
(1) Pre- trial detention may be determined only under conditions anticipated by this Code.
(2) The duration of the pre- trial detention must be set to the shortest necessary time. It is a duty of all agencies participating in the criminal procedure and agencies which contribute with judicial assistance to act in most urgent manner if the accused is pre- trial detained.
(3) During the procedure the pre- trial detention will be withdrawn as soon as the reasons on which basis it was determined cease to exist.

Article 184
(1) If there is a grounded suspicion that a person has committed crime, a pre- trial detention for the person may be determined:
1) if he hides, if his identity cannot be detected or if there are other circumstances emphasising danger of escape;
2) if there is justified fear that he will destroy the traces of the crime or if certain circumstances point out that he will inflict the investigation influencing the witnesses collaborators or conceivers;
3) if certain circumstances justify the fear that he will commit crime again, or he will complete the attempted crime or will commit crime with which he threatens.
(2) The pre-trial custody is compulsory determined when there is ground suspicion that the person has committed the criminal act for which a life time imprisonment can be pronounced.
(3) In case of item 1, paragraph 1 of this Article the pre- trial detention determined due to the failure of detecting the identity of the person, lasts until his identity is revealed. In case of item 2, paragraph 1 of this Article the pre- trial detention will be interrupted as soon as the evidence for the pre- trial detention are determined.

Article 185
(1) The pre- trial custody is determined by the investigating judge on the proposal given by the Public Prosecutor, except in case when the pre- trial custody is compulsory. Against the decision with which the proposal for determining pre- trial custody is rejected, an appeal is allowed in a period of 48 hours to be submitted to the counsel under article 22 paragraph (6) of this law.
(2) The pre- trial detention is determined with a written decision which contains: the name of the person deprived from his freedom, the crime for which he is accused of, the legal ground for pre- trial detention, the name of the institution in which the pre- trial custody is carried out, instruction of his right to an appeal and a brief explanation with a special elaboration on the grounds on which the pre- trial detention is determined, an official seal and a signature by the judge who has determined the pre- trial detention .
(3) With the decision which determines the pre- trial custody by justified reasons can be determined the conducting of the pre- trial custody to be carried out in the department of pre- trial custody or in other penitentiary-corrective institution.
(4) If the accused does not chose himself a counsel, with a decision he will be assigned a counsel ex officio (Article 66, paragraphs 2 and 5). In case the President of the Court is impeded, the investigating judge will assign a counsel .
(5) The decision for pre- trial detention is delivered to the person to whom it refers at the moment of his depriving from freedom and at the most within 24 hours from the hour of his arrest. For the record it must be notified the hour of the arrest and the hour of the delivery of the decision.
(6) Against the decision for pre- trial detention, the detained may appeal to the Chamber (Article 22, paragraph 6) within 24 hours from the time of delivery of the decision. If the detained is examined for the first time after the expiring of this period, he may appeal at the examination. The appeal with a copy from the minutes for examination, if the detained has been examined, and the decision for the pre- trial detention, are submitted to the Chamber immediately. The appeal does not keep from execution of the decision .
(7) In cases of paragraph 1 and 6 of this Article, the Chamber which decides on the appeal is obliged to reach the decision within 48 hours.
(8) The public prosecutor and the counsel may ask to be informed of the session of the Chamber and at the session orally to elaborate and explain their proposals; if they do not attend the session, does not keep from holding the session.

Article 186
(1) The investigating judge is obliged to the person deprived from his freedom who was apprehended, immediately to instruct him that he may have a counsel who may attend his examination and if necessary- to help him find a counsel. If within 24 hours from the time of the instruction, the arrested person does not provide a counsel to be present, the investigating judge is obliged to examine the person immediately.
(2) If the arrested chooses not to have a counsel, the investigating judge is obliged to examine him without any delay.
(3) In case of a compulsory defence (Article 66, paragraphs 1 and 2), the arrested does not have a counsel within 24 hours from the time when he was instructed on that right or if he states that he chooses not to have a counsel, a counsel will be appointed ex officio .

Article 186-a
(1) The investigative judge can upon the proposal of the public prosecutor with written decision to determine to the person deprived of freedom a short term pre-trial custody up to 48 hours in case when he founds that there is ground for suspicion that this person is the perpetrator of the criminal act which is imposed to him and that there is a base for determining the measure pre-trial custody under article 184 paragraph (1) of this law, if the public prosecutor has still not submitted request for conducting an investigation or immediate accusation against that person.
(2) If the public prosecutor after the expiration of the 48 hours term does not submit proposal for determining pre-trial detention in accordance with the article 184 of this law , the accused will be set free.
(3) The investigative judge can upon the proposal of the public prosecutor with written and justified decision determine to the detained person a short time pre-trial custody of 24 hours if he concludes that there is ground for suspicion that detained person is the perpetrator of the criminal act if the circumstances under article 184 paragraph (1) line 1) and 2) of this law, and that is necessary for determination of the identity and to check his alibi. The short time pre-trial custody can be extended for 24 hours at most.
(4) The decision for short time pre-trial custody from the paragraphs 1 and 2 is given to the person against who this measure is determined and to the competent public prosecutor.
(5) An appeal is allowed to be submitted against the decision of the paragraph 3 of this article, within 5 hours from the reception of the decision to the council mentioned in the article 22, paragraph 6 of this law that is obliged to proceed upon the appeal within 3 hours of the reception .

Article 187
(1) A pre- trial detention may be determined by the investigating judge of a local competent court, when he was entrusted to conduct certain investigating acts or in cases under Article 149, paragraph 1 of this Code. In respect of determination of pre- trial detention, provisions of Article 185, paragraphs 2 to 5 of this Code are applied, with the difference that the decision under paragraph 5 of this Article on the appeal is brought by the competent court.
(2) Immediately after the examination of the arrested, the investigating judge will decide whether to release him or whether he will order the arrested to be brought before the investigating judge of the competent court. In reference of the examination of the arrested, provisions of Article 186, paragraphs 1 to 3 of this Code are applied.
(3) The investigating judge on whose region the criminal act is not committed can determine short time pre-trial custody for period of 48 hours at most counting from the moment the person taken in to the custody is brought in during undertaking of the investigative measures under article 149 paragraph (1) of this law.
(4) If during the period of 48 hours the investigative judge under paragraph (3) of this article does not receive a decision for undertaking the investigation from the investigative judge of a local competent court or the public prosecutor does not submit a request for undertaking the investigation, with proposal for determining a pre-trial custody, the person will be set free.

Article 188
(1) The person caught committing a crime prosecuted ex officio may be deprived from his freedom by anyone if there is a danger of his escape, for which the Ministry of Interior is immediately notified. The person deprived from his freedom must immediately be brought before the investigating judge or the Ministry of Internal Affairs, and if it cannot be done, one of the agencies must immediately be informed. The Ministry of Internal Affairs will act according to the provisions of this Article.
(2) The authorised officials of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, without a decision by the court, may arrest the person suspected of a crime prosecuted ex officio if there is a danger of cancelling and there are some of the reasons for pre- trial detention under Article 184, paragraph 1 of this Code, but are obliged to bring him immediately before the competent investigating judge. At the apprehension, the authorised official of the Ministry of Internal Affairs will inform the investigating judge of the reasons and of the time of the arrest for which an official note is completed. If the official note is not completed, the investigative judge will include the given announcement in the minutes.
(3) The authorised officials of the Ministry of Internal Affairs may with exception detain the person under paragraphs 1 and 2 of this Article, if the detaining is necessary for the certification of the identity, checking alibis or if for other reasons it is necessary certain data for the procedure against a person to be collected, and if there are other reasons for pre- trial detention under Article 184, paragraph 1, items 1 and 3 of this Code and in case of Article 184, paragraph 1, item 2 only if there is a justified fear that the person will destroy the traces of the crime.
(4) The person deprived from his freedom must be instructed according to the provision of Article 3 of this Code.
(5) In case of detention according to paragraph 3 of this Article if the person deprived from freedom requires assistance of a counsel, the authorised official of the Ministry of Internal Affairs will allow him to call his attorney i.e. will provide him with an attorney and will postpone undertaking of all activities until the attorney comes, but as long as 2 hours from the moment the attorney was notified.
(6) The detention under paragraph 3 of this Article may last at most for 24 hours, starting from the moment the person was deprived from freedom. After the expiring of this period, the authorised official of the Ministry of Internal Affairs is obliged to release the detained or to proceed according to paragraph 2 of this Article.
(7) The person is to be detained in special arranged police stations, determined with an act of the Minister of Interior. The detaining is approved by an official on duty. For every detained person, the official on duty makes special minutes in which the following information is entered: the day and hour the person is taken in to custody; the reasons for deprivation from freedom, the reasons for detaining; the time when the person is notified of his rights; signs of visible injuries; illness, mentally disturbed etc; when was the family contacted, the attorney, doctor, embassies and consulates etc; information concerning the time when it was spoken to the person; was the person transferred to other police station; freeing and taking the person before the court and other important information. The person deprived from freedom will sign the minutes regarding the hour and the date of the apprehension, the hour and the date of freeing and notification of his rights to have an attorney, as well as the whole minutes. The official on duty must explain the reason why the apprehended person has not signed the minutes. The detained person is given a sample of the minutes during his freeing or his handing to the investigative judge. In case when the person according to the provisions of this law is not handed over to the investigative judge, and is transferred to other police station, a copy of that minute is given to that police station.
(8) If the person deprived from freedom is brought in front the investigative judge, the investigative judge ex officio examines the soundness of the deprivation from freedom and is obliged to confirm it with a decision. The person deprived from freedom that is not brought in front of the investigative judge , can in the period of 30 days from the day he was set free, ask from the investigative judge to examine the soundness and to confirm it with a special decision. Against this decision, an appeal can be submitted within 48 hours to the council under Article 22 paragraph (6) of this law, which decides within 3 days. The appeal postpones the execution of the decision.

Article 189
(1) The determined pre-trial custody with the decision of the investigative judge or the pre¬trial custody which is determined for the firs time during the investigation by decision of the council, can last 30 days at most from the day of the apprehension. During the pre-trial custody, every deprivation from freedom is calculated.
(2) By the justified proposal of the investigative judge or the public prosecutor, the council under Article 22 paragraph (6) of this law can extend the pre-trial custody during the investigation for 60 more days at most.
(3) If the investigation is conducted for the criminal act for which according to the law a penalty of imprisonment of 5 years can be pronounced, on a justified proposal of the investigative judge, the council in front of the immediate superior court can after the expiration of the term under paragraph (2) of this Article, to extend the pre-trial custody for 90 days at most.
(4) The duration of the pre-trial custody in the investigation, counting also the duration of the deprivation from freedom before the decision for pre-trial custody has been brought, can not last more than 180 days, and with the expiration of that term, the detained person will be immediately released.
(5) Before raising the accusation proposal in the summary proceedings, the pre-trial custody can last as much as it is necessary for conducting the investigative measures, but not more than 8 days.
(6) Against the decision of the council for the extension of the pre-trial custody, an appeal within 48 hours is allowed, to the immediate superior court, and it does not postpone the execution of the decision.

Article 190
(1) During the investigation the investigative judge may decide for abolition of the pre- trial custody.
(2) Against the decision of the investigative judge, an appeal is allowed within a period of 24 hours to the council under Article 22 paragraph (6) of this law.
(3) The council decides within the period of 48 hours and the appeal postpones the execution .

Article 191
(1) After pressing charges until the end of the main court hearing, by the proposal of the competent plaintiff or by ex officio, the pre- trial custody can be determined, extended or abolished only with a decision of the council (under Article 22 paragraph (1) or (6)).
(2) After pressing the charges, the pre- trial custody can last at most;
1) up to 1 year for the criminal acts for which penalty of imprisonment up to 15 years can be pronounced.
2) up to 2 years for the criminal acts for which a life time sentence can be pronounced.
(3) The Chamber is obliged, after the expiry of 30 days of the legally valid final decision for pre- trial detention and without proposals of the parties, to examine whether there are still reasons for pre- trial detention and to bring a decision to prolong or withdraw the pre- trial detention.
(4) The appeal against the decision of paragraphs 1 and 3 of this Article does not keep from execution of the decision.
(5) A special appeal is not allowed against the decision of the Chamber which rejects the proposal for determination or withdraws from the pre- trial detention.
(6) If the accused escapes from pre- trial custody, the terms for pre- trial custody under this Article will start from the beginning.

Article 192
Within 24 hours the court is obliged to inform the family of the detained for the detention, unless the person resists it. A competent agency for social issues will be informed of the pre- trial detention if it is necessary measures to be undertaken for providing for his children or other members of his family for whom the detained provides.

9. Procedure with the detained

Article 193
(1) During the detention, the personality and dignity of the accused must not be offended.
(2) Against the detained must be applied only the limitations necessary to avoid escape and an agreement which could be harmful for a successful performance of the procedure. (3)Persons of opposite sex cannot be locked in the same room. It is determined with a regulation that persons who have participated in the same crime or persons which are serving sentence cannot be put in to the same room with detained persons. If it is possible, persons which committed crimes again will not be put into the same room with arrested persons on whom they might have bad influence .

Article 194
(1) The detained persons have a right to an eight- hour continuous rest within 24 hours. Apart from that, they will be allowed to walk in an open area within the prison for at least two hours a day.
(2) The detained have a right to be fed on their own expense, to wear their own clothes and to use their own bed linen, at their expense to provide books, newspapers, magazines and other things appropriate to their habits and needs, unless it is harmful for the successful conduct of the procedure. The body which conducts the investigation decides on that.
(3) The detained may be used to cater for the maintenance of the hygiene of the room where he is settled. The detainee maintains the hygiene within the detention room If the detained requests from the investigating judge i.e. Chairman of the Council, with the agreement of the management of the prison, it may be allowed for the detained to work within the prison on chores which suit his psychical and physical abilities, under the condition that it would not be harmful for the conduct of the procedure.
(4) The Minister of Justice by subordinate legislation will determine the way of the acceptance and deploying of the detainees in the penitentiary.

Article 195
(1) On the approval of the investigating judge who conducts the investigation and under his supervision or under the supervision of the person assigned by him, within the limits of the order in the institution, the detained may be visited by his close relatives, and on his request- physician and other persons. Certain visits may be forbidden if they might badly influence the conducting of the procedure.
(2) The chiefs of diplomatic missions and consulates in the Republic of Macedonia, on the approval of the investigating judge conducting the investigation have a right to visit and to talk to the detained citizen of their country without supervision. The approval for the visit will be requested by the Ministry of Justice.
(3) The representatives of the European Committee for prevention of torture and humiliating behaviour or punishment (CPT) of the Council of Europe has the right under the approval of the investigative judge who undertakes the investigation, to visit and without supervising to talk to the imprisoned persons.
(4) By the request of the Committee under paragraph (3) of this Article, the investigative judge is obliged to approve a visit to the imprisoned persons and a conversation there.
(5) The Representatives of the International Committee of Red Cross have the right with approval of the investigative judge to visit and without out supervision to discuss with the detained persons.
(6) The detained may correspond to persons out of the prison with the knowledge and under supervision of the body conducting the investigation. This body may forbid sending and receiving letters and other parcels which are harmful for the conduct of the procedure. Sending applications, pleads and appeals can never be forbidden.
(7) After the prosecution act is brought or a private action until the verdict becomes legally valid, the authorisations under paragraphs 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 of this Article are performed by the Chairman of the Chamber.
Article 196
(1) Against disciplinary offences of the detained, the investigating judge i.e. the Chairman of the Chamber may pronounce disciplinary punishment- the detained to be limited his visits. This limitation does not refer to the communication between the detained and the counsel.
(2) Against the decision for the punishment pronounced under paragraph 1 of this Article, an appeal is allowed to the Chamber (Article 22, paragraph 6) of the court competent for conducting the investigation if it is submitted within 24 hours from the reception of the decision. The appeal does not keep from execution of the decision.

Article 197
(1) Supervision over the detained is performed by the President of the competent court of first degree.
(2) The President of the court under paragraph 1 of this Article or the judge appointed by him is obliged to visit the detained at least once a week and if necessary to be informed, without the presence of the supervisor and the guards how detained are fed, how they are provided with other necessities and how they are treated. The President i.e. the appointed judge is obliged to undertake necessary measures for the anomalies noticed during the visit of the prison to be excluded. The appointed judge cannot be the investigating judge.
(3) During the visits under paragraph 2 of this Article, the public prosecutor may be present.
(4) The President of the court, the investigating judge and the Ombudsman at any time may visit the detainees, may talk with them without the presence of the authorized person and to receive complaints from them .

PART TWO COURSE OF PROCEDURE
Chapter XXII TRIAL
3. Presumptions for holding the trial

Article 292
(1) If the accused was summoned but does not attend the trial nor he justifies his absence, the Chamber will order the accused to be apprehended forcefully. If the apprehension could not be performed immediately, the Chamber will decide the trial not to be held and will order the accused to be apprehended forcefully at the next trial. If by the time of his apprehension the accused justifies his absence, the Chairman of the Chamber will revoke the order for a forceful apprehension.
(2) If the summoned accused has obviously been avoiding the attending of the trial, and there are no reasons for pre- trial detention under Article 184 of this Code, the Chamber may determine a pre- trial detention in order the presence of the accused at the trial to be secured. The appeal does not keep from execution of the decision for a pre- trial detention. For a pre- trial detention determined for this reason accordingly are applied provisions from Articles 183 to 197 of this Code. If not revoked before, the pre- trial detention lasts until the pronouncement of the verdict and for at most 30 days.
(3) The accused may be judged in absence only if he is a fugitive or not available to the state agencies and there are particularly significant reasons to be prosecuted although absent.
(4) A decision for prosecution in absence of the accused is brought by the Chamber on the proposal of the prosecutor. The appeal does not keep from the execution of the decision .

PART TWO COURSE OF PROCEDURE
Chapter XXXIII
PROCEDURE FOR EXTRADITION OF ACCUSED AND CONVICTED PERSONS, AND PROCEDURE FOR TRANSFER OF CONVICTED PERSON
1. The procedure for extradition of the accused and convicted persons.

Article 509
The extradition of the accused or of the convicted persons will be requested or will be performed in accordance with the provisions of this law, whether with the European Convention of Extradition with the Protocols and with the other international treaties ratified according to the Constitution of the Republic of Macedonia it is not differently regulated

Article 510
(1) Presumptions for extradition are:
1) the person whose extradition is requested not to be a citizen of the Republic of Macedonia;
2) the crime for which there is a request for extradition not to be committed on the territory of the Republic of Macedonia against it or against its citizen;
3) the crime for which there is a request for extradition to be a crime both according to the domestic law and the law of the country in which it has been committed;
4) according to the domestic law the criminal prosecution not to be obsolete or the execution of the punishment not to be obsolete before the foreigner is detained or examined as an accused;
5) the foreigner whose extradition is requested not to be convicted before by the domestic court for the same crime, or for the same crime by the domestic court not to be released with a legally valid decision, or against him the criminal procedure not to be interrupted or the prosecution not to be rejected with a legally valid decision, or for the same crime procedure not to be initiated in the Republic of Macedonia or against it or against a citizen of the Republic of Macedonia, unless a guarantee is not issued for realisation of the lawful property request of the damaged;
6) the identity of the person, whose extradition is requested to be determined, and
7) there to be sufficient evidence for a grounded suspicion that the foreigner, whose extradition is requested, committed certain crime or that there is a legally valid verdict.

Article 511
(1) Procedure for extradition of accused or convicted foreigners is initiated on the application of the foreign country.
(2) The application for extradition is submitted in a diplomatic course.
(3) To the application for extradition must be enclosed:
1) means for determination of the identity of the accused i.e. the convicted person (exact description, photographs, fingerprints and similar);
2) certificate or other data for the citizenship of the foreigner;
3) the prosecution act or the verdict or the decision for detention or another act which is equivalent to this decision, in original or in a certified copy in which has to be noted the name of the person whose extradition is requested and other necessary data for determination of his identity, description of the crime, lawful title of the crime and evidence for the grounded suspicion, and
4) an extract from the text of the Criminal Code of the foreign country which is to be applied or has been applied against the accused for the crime for which there is a request for extradition, and if the crime has been committed on the territory of a third country, also an extract from the text of the Criminal Code of that country.
(4) If the application and the enclosed documents are in a foreign language, it also has to be enclosed a certified translation in Macedonian language .

Article 512
(1) The Ministry of External Affairs delivers the application for extradition of a foreigner by the Ministry of Justice to the investigating judge of the court on whose region the foreigner has resided or on whose region he will be caught.
(2) If the permanent or temporary residence of the foreigner whose extradition is requested is not known, it will be previously determined by the assistance of the police.
(3) If the application is appropriate to the conditions in Article 511 of this Code, the investigating judge will issue an order the foreigner to be detained if there are reasons under Article 184 of this Code, i.e. will undertake other security measures his presence to be secured, unless from the application itself it is obvious that there is no question for extradition.
(4) After he has determined the identity of the foreigner, without any delay the investigating judge will inform the foreigner why and on the basis of which evidence his extradition is requested and he will call him to make a statement at his defence.
(5) For the examination and the defence will be constructed a minutes. The investigating judge will instruct the foreigner that he may choose a counsel or he will assign him a counsel ex officio, if it is a crime for which defence is compulsory according to this Code .

Article 513
(1) In emergencies, when there is a danger that the foreigner might abscond or hide, the Ministry of Internal Affairs may arrest the foreigner to be delivered to the investigating judge of the competent court on the basis of the application of the competent foreign agency, without reference how it is directed. In the application have to be included the data for the certification of the identity of the foreigner, the nature and the title of the crime, the number of the decision, the date, place and title of the foreign agency which has determined the detention and a statement that the extradition will be requested regularly.
(2) When detention is determined in reference of paragraph 1 of this Article, after the examination, the investigating judge will inform of the detention the Ministry of External Affairs by the Ministry of Justice.
(3) The investigating judge will release the foreigner when the reasons for detention cease to exist, or if the application for extradition is not submitted within the period which he has determined, taking into consideration the distance of the country which requests for extradition, and which deadline for delivery of the motion and writs for extradition can not be longer then 40 days from the day when the alien was detained, and the time limit for transferring can not be longer then 180 days from day when he was detained.
(4) When the proscribed application is submitted within the determined period, the investigating judge will proceed according to Article 512, paragraphs 3 and 4 of this Code .

Article 514
(1) After the hearing of the public prosecutor and the counsel, if necessary the investigating judge will conduct other inspections in order to be certified whether there are conditions for the extradition of the foreigner i.e. for delivery of the objects on which or with which assistance the crime has been committed if the objects have been confiscated from the foreigner.
(2) After the conducted inspections, the investigating judge will submit to the Chamber the inspection records and his opinion.
(3) If against the foreigner whose extradition is requested there is a criminal procedure at the domestic court due to the same or another crime, the investigating judge will notify that in the records.

Article 515
(1) If the Chamber of the competent court finds that the lawful presumptions for extradition are not fulfilled, it will bring a decision that the application for extradition is denied. The decision will be directed ex officio by that court to the Supreme Court of the Republic of Macedonia, which after the hearing of the public prosecutor will either confirm, cancel or alter the decision.
(2) If the foreigner is detained, the Chamber may decide the foreigner to remain in detention until the legally valid decision is reached for the rejection of the extradition.
(3) The legally valid decision with which the extradition is rejected will be directed by the Ministry of Justice to the Ministry of External Affairs, which will inform the foreign country of that.

Article 516
If the Chamber of the competent court finds that the lawful presumptions for extradition of the foreigner are fulfilled (Article 510), it will certify it with a decision. Against the decision the foreigner has a right to an appeal to the competent court.

Article 517
If the court on the appeal finds that the lawful conditions for extradition of the foreigner are fulfilled, i.e. if against that decision of the first degree court an appeal is not submitted, the case is directed to the Ministry of Justice, which will decide on the extradition.

Article 518
(1) The Minister of Justice reaches a decision with which he allows or does not allow the extradition. The Minister of Justice may bring a decision the extradition to be postponed because of the fact that for another crime at the domestic court there is a criminal procedure against the foreigner whose extradition is requested or because the foreigner is serving a sentence in the Republic of Macedonia.
(2) The Minister of Justice will not allow extradition of a foreigner if he has a right of asylum in the Republic of Macedonia or if it is in question a political or military crime. He may reject the extradition if they are in question crimes for which according to the domestic law is proscribed a sentence to three years or if the foreign court has pronounced a sentence of imprisonment to one year.
(1) The Minister of the Justice will not allow the extradition of a foreigner if there are serous reasons of suspicion that he will be subjected of severe torture and other kind of severe, inhuman or humiliating behaviour or pronouncement of death sentence.
(2) Upon the proposition of the Minister of Justice the Government can decide not to permit the extradition where for this there are special justified state interests .

Article 519
(1) In the decision with which it is allowed extradition of a foreigner, the Minister of Justice will note:
1) that the foreigner cannot be prosecuted for another crime committed before the extradition;
2) that against him cannot be executed a sentence for another crime committed before the extradition;
3) that against him cannot be applied a more severe punishment than the one he is convicted of, and
4) that he cannot be extradited to a third country due to prosecution for a crime committed before the allowed extradition.
(2) Apart from the noted conditions, the Minister of Justice may set other conditions for extradition .

Article 520
(1) Of the decision with which it is decided on the extradition will be informed the foreign country in a diplomatic course.
(2) The decision with which the extradition is allowed will be directed to the Ministry of Internal Affairs which orders the foreigner to be apprehended to the border where on the agreed place he will be extradited to the agencies of the foreign country which has requested the extradition .

Article 521
(1) If extradition of the same person is requested by several foreign countries for the same crime, the primacy will be given to the application of the country whose citizen the person is, and if that country does not request the extradition- to the application of the country on which territory the crime has been committed, and if the crime has been committed on the territory of several countries or if it is not known where it is committed- to the application of the country which has first requested for extradition .
(2) If extradition of the same person is requested by several countries for different crimes, the primacy will be given to the application of that country whose citizen the person is, and if that country does not request extradition- to the application of the country on whose region is committed the most severe crime, and if the crimes are equally severe- to the application of the country which has first requested for extradition .

Article 522
(1) If against the person who is in a foreign country, there is a criminal procedure in the Republic of Macedonia or if the person who is in a foreign country is convicted by the domestic court, the Minister of Justice submits an application for extradition.
(2) The application is submitted to the foreign country in a diplomatic course and with it are enclosed the documents and data under Article 511 of this Code.

Article 523
(1) When there is a danger that the person whose extradition is requested might either abscond or hide, before it is proceeded according to Article 522 of this Code, the Minister of Justice may request against that person to be undertaken necessary measures for his detention.
(2) In the application for temporary detention will be particularly noted the data on the identity of the requested person, the nature and title of the crime, the number of the decision, the date, place and title of the body which has determined the detention, i.e. data on the verdict which is legally valid as well as the statement that the extradition will be requested regularly.
(3) The time spent in detention which is determined by the foreign court, is not calculated in the period determined under Article 189, paragraph 1 of this Code.

Article 524
(1) If the requested person is extradited, he may be criminally prosecuted, i.e. against him a sentence executed only for the crime for which the extradition has been allowed.
(2) If that person has also been convicted with a legally valid verdict by the domestic court for other crimes committed before the extradition for which the extradition is not allowed, the provisions of Article 330 of this Code will be accordingly applied.
(3) If extradition is allowed under particular conditions in view of the type or severity of the sentence which may be pronounced i.e. be executed and under these conditions is accepted, during the pronouncement of the sentence, the court is bound to those conditions, and if it is in question an execution of an already pronounced sentence, the court which has proceeded in last degree will alter the verdict and will accord the pronounced sentence to the conditions for extradition.
(4) If the extradited person was detained in a foreign country for a crime for which he is extradited, the time which he spent in detention will be calculated in the sentence.

Article 525
(1) If extradition is requested by a foreign country from another foreign country and the requested person has to be extradited through the territory of the Republic of Macedonia, the extradition on the application of the interested country may be allowed by the Minister of Justice under condition that he is not a citizen of the Republic of Macedonia and the extradition not to be performed for a political or military crime.
(2) The application for extradition of the person through the territory of the Republic of Macedonia has to contain all data under Article 511 of this Code.
2. The procedure for transfer of the convicted persons

Article 525-a
The procedure for the transfer of the convicted person shall be performed in accordance with the provisions from this law in line with the European Convention for transfer of the convicted person with the Additional Protocol and with the others International treaties ratified in accordance with the Constitutions of the Republic of Macedonia.

Article 525-b
(1) The convicted person who is not citizen of Republic of Macedonia can submit request for execution of sanction on the territory of other country which has to be with in accordance with the Convention from the article 525-a of this Law
(2) The requests and the replies related with the procedure for transfer are referred through the Ministry of Justice.
(3) The reply on the request with which the transfer was granted will be handed over to the Ministry of interior Affairs as well, and the convicted person will be escorted to organs of the other foreign state by the MOI .

Estatuto de Roma

Artículo 87 Solicitudes de cooperación: disposiciones generales

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(a) La Corte estará facultada para formular solicitudes de cooperación a los Estados Partes. Éstas se transmitirán por vía diplomática o por cualquier otro conducto adecuado que haya designado cada Estado Parte a la fecha de la ratificación, aceptación, aprobación o adhesión. Cada Estado Parte podrá cambiar posteriormente esa designación de conformidad con las Reglas de Procedimiento y Prueba

(b) Cuando proceda, y sin perjuicio de lo dispuesto en el apartado a), las solicitudes podrán transmitirse también por conducto de la Organización Internacional de Policía Criminal o de cualquier organización regional competente.

2. Las solicitudes de cooperación y los documentos que las justifiquen estarán redactados en un idioma oficial del Estado requerido, o acompañados de una traducción a ese idioma, o a uno de los idiomas de trabajo de la Corte, según la elección que haya hecho el Estado a la fecha de la ratificación, aceptación, aprobación o adhesión. El Estado Parte podrá cambiar posteriormente esa elección de conformidad con las Reglas de Procedimiento y Prueba.

3. El Estado requerido preservará el carácter confidencial de toda solicitud de cooperación y de los documentos que las justifiquen, salvo en la medida en que su divulgación sea necesaria para tramitarla.

4. Con respecto a las solicitudes de asistencia presentadas de conformidad con la presente Parte, la Corte podrá adoptar todas las medidas, incluidas las relativas a la protección de la información, que sean necesarias para proteger la seguridad y el bienestar físico o psicológico de las víctimas, los posibles testigos y sus familiares. La Corte podrá solicitar que toda información comunicada en virtud de la presente Parte sea transmitida y procesada de manera que se proteja la seguridad y el bienestar físico o psicológico de las víctimas, los posibles testigos y sus familiares.

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(a) La Corte podrá invitar a cualquier Estado que no sea parte en el presente Estatuto a prestar la asistencia prevista en la presente Parte sobre la base de un arreglo especial, un acuerdo con ese Estado o de cualquier otra manera adecuada.

(b) Cuando un Estado que no sea parte en el presente Estatuto y que haya celebrado un arreglo especial o un acuerdo con la Corte se niegue a cooperar en la ejecución de las solicitudes a que se refieran tal arreglo o acuerdo, la Corte podrá informar de ello a la Asamblea de los Estados Partes o al Consejo de Seguridad, si éste le hubiese remitido el asunto.

6. La Corte podrá solicitar de cualquier organización intergubernamental que le proporcione información o documentos. Asimismo, la Corte podrá solicitar otras formas de cooperación y asistencia que se hayan acordado con cualquiera de esas organizaciones, de conformidad con su competencia o mandato.

7. Cuando, en contravención de lo dispuesto en el presente Estatuto, un Estado Parte se niegue a dar curso a una solicitud de cooperación formulada por la Corte, impidiéndole ejercer sus funciones y atribuciones de conformidad con el presente Estatuto, ésta podrá hacer una constatación en ese sentido y remitir la cuestión a la Asamblea de los Estados Partes o al Consejo de Seguridad, si éste le hubiese remitido el asunto.

Artículo 88 Procedimientos aplicables en el derecho interno

Los Estados Partes se asegurarán de que en el derecho interno existan procedimientos aplicables a todas las formas de cooperación especificadas en la presente parte.

Artículo 89 Entrega de personas a la Corte

1. La Corte podrá transmitir, junto con los antecedentes que la justifiquen de conformidad con el artículo 91, una solicitud de detención y entrega de una persona a todo Estado en cuyo territorio pueda hallarse y solicitará la cooperación de ese Estado. Los Estados Partes cumplirán las solicitudes de detención y entrega de conformidad con las disposiciones de la presente parte y el procedimiento establecido en su derecho interno.

2. Cuando la persona cuya entrega se pida la impugne ante un tribunal nacional oponiendo la excepción de cosa juzgada de conformidad con el artículo 20, el Estado requerido celebrará de inmediato consultas con la Corte para determinar si ha habido una decisión sobre la admisibilidad de la causa. Si la causa es admisible, el Estado requerido cumplirá la solicitud. Si está pendiente la decisión sobre la admisibilidad, el Estado requerido podrá aplazar la ejecución de la solicitud de entrega hasta que la Corte adopte esa decisión.

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(a) El Estado Parte autorizará de conformidad con su derecho procesal el tránsito por su territorio de una persona que otro Estado entregue a la Corte, salvo cuando el tránsito por ese Estado obstaculice o demore la entrega;

(b) La solicitud de la Corte de que se autorice ese tránsito será transmitida de conformidad con el artículo 87 y contendrá:

(i) Una descripción de la persona que será transportada;

(ii) Una breve exposición de los hechos de la causa y su tipificación; y

(iii) La orden de detención y entrega;

(c) La persona transportada permanecerá detenida durante el tránsito;

(d) No se requerirá autorización alguna cuando la persona sea transportada por vía aérea y no se prevea aterrizar en el territorio del Estado de tránsito;

(e) En caso de aterrizaje imprevisto en el territorio del Estado de tránsito, éste podrá pedir a la Corte que presente una solicitud de tránsito con arreglo a lo dispuesto en el apartado b). El Estado de tránsito detendrá a la persona transportada mientras se recibe la solicitud de la Corte y se efectúa el tránsito; sin embargo, la detención no podrá prolongarse más de 96 horas contadas desde el aterrizaje imprevisto si la solicitud no es recibida dentro de ese plazo.

4. Si la persona buscada está siendo enjuiciada o cumple condena en el Estado requerido por un crimen distinto de aquel por el cual se pide su entrega a la Corte, el Estado requerido, después de haber decidido conceder la entrega, celebrará consultas con la Corte.

Artículo 90 Solicitudes concurrentes

1. El Estado Parte que haya recibido una solicitud de la Corte relativa a la entrega de una persona de conformidad con el artículo 89, y reciba además una solicitud de cualquier otro Estado relativa a la extradición de la misma persona por la misma conducta que constituya la base del crimen en razón del cual la Corte ha pedido la entrega, notificará a la Corte y al Estado requirente ese hecho.

2. Si el Estado requirente es un Estado Parte, el Estado requerido dará prioridad a la solicitud de la Corte cuando ésta:

(a) Haya determinado, de conformidad con lo dispuesto en los artículos 18 ó 19, que la causa respecto de la cual se solicita la entrega es admisible y en su decisión haya tenido en cuenta la investigación o el enjuiciamiento que lleva a cabo el Estado requirente con respecto a la solicitud de extradición que éste ha presentado; o

(b) Adopte la decisión a que se refiere el apartado (a) como consecuencia de la notificación efectuada por el Estado requerido de conformidad con el párrafo 1.

3. Cuando no se haya adoptado la decisión a que se hace referencia en el párrafo 2 (a), el Estado requerido tendrá la facultad discrecional, hasta que se dicte la decisión de la Corte prevista en el párrafo 2 (b), de dar curso a la solicitud de extradición presentada por el Estado requirente, pero no la hará efectiva hasta que la Corte haya resuelto que la causa es inadmisible. La Corte adoptará su decisión en procedimiento sumario.

4. Si el Estado requirente no es parte en el presente Estatuto, el Estado requerido, en caso de que no esté obligado por alguna norma internacional a conceder la extradición al Estado requirente, dará prioridad a la solicitud de entrega que le haya hecho la Corte si ésta ha determinado que la causa era admisible.

5. Cuando la Corte no haya determinado la admisibilidad de una causa de conformidad con el párrafo 4, el Estado requerido tendrá la facultad discrecional de dar curso a la solicitud de extradición que le haya hecho el Estado requirente.

6. En los casos en que sea aplicable el párrafo 4, y salvo que el Estado requerido esté obligado por alguna norma internacional a extraditar la persona al Estado requirente que no sea parte en el presente Estatuto, el Estado requerido decidirá si hace la entrega a la Corte o concede la extradición al Estado requirente. Para tomar esta decisión, el Estado requerido tendrá en cuenta todos los factores pertinentes, entre otros:

(a) Las fechas respectivas de las solicitudes;

(b) Los intereses del Estado requirente y, cuando proceda, si el crimen se cometió en su territorio y cuál es la nacionalidad de las víctimas y de la persona cuya entrega o extradición se ha solicitado; y

(c) La posibilidad de que la Corte y el Estado requirente lleguen posteriormente a un acuerdo respecto de la entrega.

7. Cuando el Estado Parte que reciba una solicitud de la Corte de entrega de una persona reciba también una solicitud de otro Estado relativa a la extradición de la misma persona por una conducta distinta de la que constituye el crimen en razón del cual la Corte solicita la entrega:

(a) El Estado requerido, si no está obligado por ninguna norma internacional a conceder la extradición al Estado requirente, dará preferencia a la solicitud de la Corte;

(b) El Estado requerido, si está obligado por una norma internacional a conceder la extradición al Estado requirente, decidirá si entrega la persona a la Corte o la extradita al Estado requirente. En esta decisión, el Estado requerido tendrá en cuenta todos los factores pertinentes y, entre otros, los enumerados en el párrafo 6, pero tendrá especialmente en cuenta la naturaleza y la gravedad relativas de la conducta de que se trate.

Cuando, como consecuencia de una notificación efectuada con arreglo al presente artículo, la Corte haya determinado la inadmisibilidad de una causa y posteriormente se deniegue la extradición al Estado requirente, el Estado requerido notificará su decisión a la Corte.

Artículo 91 Contenido de la solicitud de detención y entrega

1. La solicitud de detención y entrega deberá formularse por escrito. En caso de urgencia, se podrá hacer por cualquier otro medio que permita dejar constancia escrita, a condición de que la solicitud sea confirmada en la forma indicada en el párrafo 1 (a) del artículo 87.

2. La solicitud de detención y entrega de una persona respecto de la cual la Sala de Cuestiones Preliminares haya dictado una orden de detención de conformidad con el artículo 58 deberá contener los elementos siguientes o ir acompañada de:

(a) Información suficiente para la identificación de la persona buscada y datos sobre su probable paradero;

(b) Una copia de la orden de detención; y

(c) Los documentos, las declaraciones o la información que sean necesarios para cumplir los requisitos de procedimiento del Estado requerido relativos a la entrega; sin embargo, esos requisitos no podrán ser más onerosos que los aplicables a las solicitudes de extradición conforme a tratados o acuerdos celebrados por el Estado requerido y otros Estados y, de ser posible, serán menos onerosos, habida cuenta del carácter específico de la Corte.

3. La solicitud de detención y entrega del condenado deberá contener los siguientes elementos o ir acompañada de:

(a) Copia de la orden de detención dictada en su contra;

(b) Copia de la sentencia condenatoria;

(c) Datos que demuestren que la persona buscada es aquella a la que se refiere la sentencia condenatoria; y

(d) Si la persona que se busca ha sido condenado a una pena, copia de la sentencia y, en el caso de una pena de reclusión, una indicación de la parte de la pena que se ha cumplido y de la que queda por cumplir.

4. A solicitud de la Corte, un Estado Parte consultará con ésta, en general o con respecto a un asunto concreto, sobre las disposiciones de su derecho interno que puedan ser aplicables de conformidad con el apartado (c) del párrafo 2 del presente artículo. En esas consultas, el Estado Parte comunicará a la Corte los requisitos específicos de su derecho interno.

Artículo 92 Detención provisional

1. En caso de urgencia, la Corte podrá solicitar la detención provisional de la persona buscada hasta que se presente la solicitud de entrega y los documentos que la justifiquen de conformidad con el artículo 91.

2. La solicitud de detención provisional deberá hacerse por cualquier medio que permita dejar constancia escrita y contendrá:

(a) Información suficiente para identificar a la persona buscada y datos sobre su probable paradero;

(b) Una exposición concisa de los crímenes por los que se pida la detención y de los hechos que presuntamente serían constitutivos de esos crímenes, inclusive, de ser posible, la indicación de la fecha y el lugar en que se cometieron;

(c) Una declaración de que existe una orden de detención o una decisión final condenatoria respecto de la persona buscada; y

(d) Una declaración de que se presentará una solicitud de entrega de la persona buscada.

3. La persona sometida a detención provisional podrá ser puesta en libertad si el Estado requerido no hubiere recibido la solicitud de entrega y los documentos que la justifiquen, de conformidad con el artículo 91, dentro del plazo fijado en las Reglas de Procedimiento y Prueba. Sin embargo, el detenido podrá consentir en la entrega antes de que se cumpla dicho plazo siempre que lo permita el derecho interno del Estado requerido. En ese caso, el Estado requerido procederá a entregar al detenido a la Corte tan pronto como sea posible.

4. El hecho de que la persona buscada haya sido puesta en libertad de conformidad con el párrafo 3 no obstará para que sea nuevamente detenida y entregada una vez que el Estado requerido reciba la solicitud de entrega y los documentos que la justifiquen.