Exécution des peines prononcées dans 'Russia

General Part

Section III. Punishment

Chapter 9. The Concept and the Purposes of Punishment.

Types of Punishment.

Article 46. Fines

1. A fine is a monetary penalty imposed within the limits provided for by this Code.

2. A fine shall be established in the amount of from 2 500 roubles to 1 000 000 million roubles or in the amount of the wage or salary, or any other income of the convicted person for a period from two weeks to five years. A fine in the amount of from 500 000 roubles or in the amount of the wage or salary or any other income of the convicted person may only be imposed for grave and especially grave crimes in the instances specified by the appropriate articles of the Special Part of this Code.

3. The amount of a fine shall be determined by a court of law subject to the gravity of the crime and the property status of the convicted person and his family, as well as the subject to the convicted person's ability to receive a wage or any other income. Subject to the same circumstances a court of law may impose a fine payable in installments for a term of up to three years.

4. As an additional penalty, a fine may be imposed only in cases, provided for by the relevant Articles of the Special Part of this Code.

5. In the event of the person maliciously evading payment of a fine inflicted as the principal punishment, it shall be replaced within the limits of the sanction provided for by the appropriate Article of the Special Part of this Code .

General Part

Section III. Punishment

Chapter 9. The Concept and the Purposes of Punishment.

Types of Punishment.

Article 53. Restricted Liberty

1. Restricted liberty consists of the maintenance of a convicted person, who has reached 18 years of age by the time of adjudication, in a special institution without isolation from the society during the supervision over him.

2. Restricted liberty shall be imposed on:
• a) persons who are convicted for the commission of willful crimes but who have no
record of conviction - for a term of one to three years;
b) persons who are convicted for crimes committed by negligence - for a term of one to five years.

3. In the event that compulsory works or corrective labour have been replaced with restricted liberty, the latter penalty may be imposed for a term of less than one year.

4. In the event that a person convicted to restricted liberty maliciously evades the serving of the penalty, this punishment shall be replaced with deprivation of liberty for the term of restricted liberty imposed by the court's judgement. The time of serving restricted liberty shall be counted in the period of deprivation of liberty at the rate of one day of deprivation of liberty per one day of restricted liberty.

5. Restricted liberty shall not be imposed on persons deemed to be invalids of the first and second groups, pregnant women, women with children of less than fourteen years of age, women who have reached 55 years of age, or men who have reached 60 years of age, nor upon servicemen undergoing military service after call-up .

General Part

Section III. Punishment

Chapter 9. The Concept and the Purposes of Punishment.

Types of Punishment.

Article 56. Deprivation of Liberty for a Definite Term

1. Deprivation of freedom shall amount to the isolation of the convict from society by sending him to a settlement colony, placing him into an educational colony, into a medical treatment and reformatory institution or into a reformatory colony of general, strict or special regime, or into prison.

2. Deprivation of liberty shall be established for a term of two months to 20 years.

3. abolished.

4. In case of a partial or full merger of the terms of deprivation of liberty into the assignment of punishment by the cumulation of penalties, the maximum total term of deprivation of liberty may not exceed 25 years, and the cumulative sentences - 30 years.

Article 57. Deprivation of Liberty for Life

Federal Law No. 74-FZ of July 21, 2004 amended the first part of Article 57 of the present Code

1. Deprivation of liberty for life is established for the commission of especially grave crimes of attack on human life, as well as for committing especially grave crimes against public safety.

2. Deprivation of liberty for life shall not be imposed upon women, nor upon persons who have committed crimes at ages below 18 years, nor upon men who have reached 65 years of age by the time of adjudication .

Article 58. Assignment of the Kind of Reformatory Institution for Those Sentenced to the Deprivation
of Freedom

1. The sentence of the deprivation of freedom shall be served:
• a) by the persons convicted for crimes committed because of carelessness, as well as
by the persons sentenced to the deprivation of freedom for committing deliberate petty and medium gravity offences, who have not been formerly sentenced to the deprivation of freedom - in the settlement colonies. Taking into account the circumstances of committing the crime and the convict's personality, the court may rule it that the said persons may serve the punishment in reformatory colonies of general regime, while supplying the motives for the adopted decision;
b) by the men sentenced to the deprivation of liberty for committing grave crimes, who have not previously served a sentence of deprivation of liberty, as well as by women sentenced to deprivation of liberty for committing grave and especially grave crimes, as well as in the event of recidivism of any type in the reformatory colonies of general regime;
c) the men sentenced to the deprivation of freedom for committing especially grave crimes, who have not earlier served the sentence of the deprivation of freedom, or in the event of recidivism or dangerous recidivism - in the reformatory colonies of strict regime;
d) the men sentenced to the deprivation of freedom for life, and in case of committing especially dangerous repeated crimes - in the reformatory colonies of special regime.

2. The men sentenced to the deprivation of freedom for committing particularly grave crimes for a term of over five years, and also in case of especially dangerous repeated
crimes may be made to serve a part of the term of punishment in prison, with this, a court of law shall include the term of holding the convicted person in custody, pending the entry of the conviction into legal force, into the time period of serving the sentence in prison.

3. The persons sentenced to the deprivation of freedom, who have not reached eighteen years of age at the moment of the court passing the sentence, shall be sent for serving the punishment to educational colonies.

4. The kind of the assigned reformatory institution may be changed by the court in accordance with the criminal-executive legislation of the Russian Federation .

Statut de Rome

Article 103 Rôle des États dans l'executino des peines d'emprisonnement

a) Les peines d'emprisonnement sont accomplies dans un État désigné par la Cour sur la liste des États qui lui ont fait savoir qu'ils étaient disposés à recevoir des condamnés.

b) Lorsqu'il déclare qu'il est disposé à recevoir des condamnés, un État peut assortir son acceptation de conditions qui doivent être agréées par la Cour et être conformes aux dispositions du présent chapitre.

c) L'État désigné dans une affaire donnée fait savoir promptement à la Cour s'il accepte ou non sa désignation.

a) L'État chargé de l'exécution avise la Cour de toute circonstance, y compris la réalisation de toute condition convenue en application du paragraphe 1, qui serait de nature à modifier sensiblement les conditions ou la durée de la détention. La Cour est avisée au moins 45 jours à l'avance de toute circonstance de ce type connue ou prévisible. Pendant ce délai, l'État chargé de l'exécution ne prend aucune mesure qui pourrait être contraire à ses obligations en vertu de l'article 110 ;

b) Si la Cour ne peut accepter les circonstances visées à l'alinéa a), elle en avise l'État chargé de l'exécution et procède conformément à l'article 104, paragraphe 1.

3. Quand elle exerce son pouvoir de désignation conformément au paragraphe 1, la Cour prend en considération :

a) Le principe selon lequel les États Parties doivent partager la responsabilité de l'exécution des peines d'emprisonnement conformément aux principes de répartition équitable énoncés dans le Règlement de procédure et de preuve ;

b) Les règles conventionnelles du droit international généralement acceptées qui régissent le traitement des détenus ;

c) Les vues de la personne condamnée ;

d) La nationalité de la personne condamnée ;

e) Toute autre circonstance relative au crime, à la situation de la personne condamnée ou à l'exécution effective de la peine, susceptible de guider le choix de l'État chargé de l'exécution.

4. Si aucun État n'est désigné comme prévu au paragraphe 1, la peine d'emprisonnement est accomplie dans un établissement pénitentiaire fourni par l'État hôte, dans les conditions définies par l'accord de siège visé à l'article 3, paragraphe 2. Dans ce cas, les dépenses afférentes à l'exécution de la peine sont à la charge de la Cour.

Article 104 Modification de la désignation de l'État chargé de l'exécution

1. La Cour peut décider à tout moment de transférer un condamné dans une prison d'un autre État.

2. La personne condamnée par la Cour peut à tout moment demander à celle-ci son transfert hors de l'État chargé de l'exécution.

Article 105 Exécution de la peine

1. Sous réserve des conditions qu'un État a éventuellement formulées comme le prévoit l'article 103, paragraphe 1, alinéa b), la peine d'emprisonnement est exécutoire pour les États Parties, qui ne peuvent en aucun cas la modifier.

2. La Cour a seule le droit de se prononcer sur une demande de révision de sa décision sur la culpabilité ou la peine. L'État chargé de l'exécution n'empêche pas le condamné de présenter une telle demande.

Article 106 Contrôle de l'exécution de la peine et conditions de détention

1. L'exécution d'une peine d'emprisonnement est soumise au contrôle de la Cour. Elle est conforme aux règles conventionnelles internationales largement acceptées en matière de traitement des détenus.

2. Les conditions de détention sont régies par la législation de l'État chargé de l'exécution. Elles sont conformes aux règles conventionnelles internationales largement acceptées en matière de traitement des détenus. Elles ne peuvent en aucun cas être ni plus ni moins favorables que celles que l'État chargé de l'exécution réserve aux détenus condamnés pour des infractions similaires.

3. Les communications entre le condamné et la Cour sont libres et confidentielles.

Article 109 Exécution des peines d'amende et de mesures de confiscation

1. Les États Parties font exécuter les peines d'amende et les mesures de confiscation ordonnées par la Cour en vertu du chapitre VII, sans préjudice des droits des tiers de bonne foi et conformément à la procédure prévue par leur législation interne.

2. Lorsqu'un État Partie n'est pas en mesure de donner effet à l'ordonnance de confiscation, il prend des mesures pour récupérer la valeur du produit, des biens ou des avoirs dont la Cour a ordonné la confiscation, sans préjudice des droits des tiers de bonne foi.

3. Les biens, ou le produit de la vente de biens immobiliers ou, le cas échéant, d'autres biens, obtenus par un État Partie en exécution d'un arrêt de la Cour sont transférés à la Cour.