Rejet d’une demande de la CPI

Australie

Australia - International Criminal Court Act No. 41 2002 (2018) EN

Part 2—General provisions relating to requests by the ICC for cooperation

11 Consultations with ICC
(2) Before refusing a request for assistance of a kind mentioned in paragraph 1(l) of article 93 of the Statute, the Attorney-General must consult with the ICC to ascertain whether the assistance requested could be provided:
(a) subject to conditions; or
(b) at a later date or in an alternative manner.

Part 3—Requests by the ICC for arrest and surrender of persons

Division 4—Surrender of persons

31 Refusal of surrender
(1) The Attorney-General must refuse a request for surrender of a person if the ICC determines that the case is inadmissible and subsection 33(4), 35(3) or 36(3) applies.
(2) The Attorney-General may refuse a request for surrender of a person if:
(a) there are competing requests from the ICC, and from a foreign country that is not a party to the Statute, relating to the same conduct, and subsection 39(6) applies; or
(b) there are competing requests from the ICC, and from a foreign country that is not a party to the Statute, relating to different conduct, and subsection 40(3) applies.
(3) The restrictions on extradition specified in the Extradition Act 1988 do not apply in relation to a request for surrender of a person.

Part 3—Requests by the ICC for arrest and surrender of persons

Division 4—Surrender of persons

35 Person being investigated or prosecuted in Australia for same conduct
(3) If the ICC determines that the case is inadmissible, surrender must be refused.

Part 3—Requests by the ICC for arrest and surrender of persons

Division 4—Surrender of persons

36 Challenges to admissibility in other cases
(3) If the ICC determines that the case to which the request relates is inadmissible, surrender must be refused.

Part 4—Other requests by ICC

Division 3—Restrictions on provision of assistance

51 Refusal of assistance
(1) The Attorney-General must refuse a request for cooperation in circumstances referred to in subsection 142(4) (which relates to third party information that cannot be disclosed).
(2) The Attorney-General may refuse a request for cooperation:
(a) in circumstances referred to in Part 8 (which relates to the protection of national security interests); or
(b) if there are competing requests from the ICC, and from a foreign country that is not a party to the Statute, relating to the same conduct, and subsection 59(4) applies; or
(c) if there are competing requests from the ICC, and from a foreign country, relating to different conduct, and subsection 60(3) applies.

Part 4—Other requests by ICC

Division 3—Restrictions on provision of assistance

55 Postponement where admissibility challenge
(4) If the ICC determines that the case to which the request relates is inadmissible, the request must be refused.

Part 4—Other requests by ICC

Division 16—Miscellaneous

104 Effect of authorisation to execute request
At any time before a formal response to a request for cooperation is sent to the ICC, the Attorney-General may decide that the request is to be refused, or the execution of the request is to be postponed, on a ground specified in section 51 or 52 even if the Attorney-General has previously authorised the execution of the request.

Part 8—Protection of Australia’s national security interests

145 Request for cooperation involving national security
(2) If, after the procedure specified in sections 148 and 149 is followed, the request for cooperation is not able to be resolved, the Attorney-General may refuse the request or decline to authorise the disclosure.

Part 8—Protection of Australia’s national security interests

146 Request to disclose information or documents involving national security
(1) This section applies if a person who has been requested to disclose information or documents to the ICC:
(a) refuses to do so on the ground that disclosure would prejudice Australia’s national security interests; or
(b) refers the matter to the Attorney-General on that ground.

Part 8—Protection of Australia’s national security interests

146 Request to disclose information or documents involving national security
(4) If, after the procedure specified in sections 148 and 149 is followed, the request for disclosure is not able to be resolved, the Attorney-General may refuse the request or decline to authorise the disclosure.

Part 9—Transportation of persons in custody through Australia

150 Transportation of persons in custody through Australia
(3) The Attorney-General must not authorise the transportation through Australia of a person referred to in paragraph (1)(a) if the Attorney-General reasonably believes that the transportation through Australia would impede or delay the surrender of the person to the ICC.

Australia - Mutual Assistance in Criminal Matters Act No. 85 1987 (2018)

Part I—Preliminary
8 Refusal of assistance
(1) A request by a foreign country for assistance under this Act shall be refused if, in the opinion of the Attorney General:
(a) the request relates to the investigation, prosecution or punishment of a person for an offence that is, or is by reason of the circumstances in which it is alleged to have been committed or was committed, a political offence; or
(b) there are substantial grounds for believing that the request has been made with a view to investigating, prosecuting or punishing a person for a political offence; or
(ba) the request relates to a foreign order in relation to an offence that is, or is by reason of the circumstances in which it is alleged to have been committed or was committed, a political offence; or
(c) there are substantial grounds for believing that the request was made for the purpose of investigating, prosecuting, punishing or otherwise causing prejudice to a person on account of the person’s race, sex, sexual orientation, religion, nationality or political opinions; or
(ca) there are substantial grounds for believing that, if the request was granted, the person would be in danger of being subjected to torture; or
(d) the request relates to the investigation, prosecution or punishment of a person in respect of an act or omission that if it had occurred in Australia, would have constituted an offence under the military law of Australia but not also under the ordinary criminal law of Australia; or
(da) both of the following subparagraphs are satisfied:
(i) the request relates to a foreign order in relation to an offence;
(ii) an act or omission constituting the offence, had the act or omission occurred in Australia, would have constituted an offence under the military law of Australia but not also under the ordinary criminal law of Australia; or
(e) the granting of the request would prejudice the sovereignty, security or national interest of Australia or the essential interests of a State or Territory.
(1A) A request by a foreign country for assistance under this Act must be refused if:
(a) the request relates to the investigation, prosecution or punishment of:
(i) a person arrested or detained on suspicion of having committed an offence; or
(ii) a person charged with, or convicted of, an offence; and
(b) the offence is one in respect of which the death penalty may be imposed in the foreign country;
unless the Attorney General is of the opinion, having regard to the special circumstances of the case, that the assistance requested should be granted.
(1B) A request by a foreign country for assistance under this Act may be refused if the Attorney General:
(a) believes that the provision of the assistance may result in the death penalty being imposed on a person; and
(b) after taking into consideration the interests of international criminal co operation, is of the opinion that in the circumstances of the case the request should not be granted.
(2) A request by a foreign country for assistance under this Act may be refused if, in the opinion of the Attorney General:
(a) the request relates to the investigation, prosecution or punishment of a person in respect of an act or omission that, if it had occurred in Australia, would not have constituted an offence against Australian law at the time at which the request was received; or
(b) both of the following subparagraphs are satisfied:
(i) the request relates to a foreign order in relation to an offence;
(ii) an act or omission constituting the offence, had the act or omission occurred in Australia, would not have constituted an offence against Australian law at the time at which the request was received; or
(c) the request relates to the investigation, prosecution or punishment of a person for an offence in a case where:
(i) the person has been acquitted or pardoned by a competent tribunal or authority in the foreign country, or in Australia or another country; or
(ii) the person has undergone the punishment provided by the law of the foreign country, or of Australia or another country;
in respect of that offence or of another offence constituted by the same act or omission as that offence; or
(d) the provision of the assistance could prejudice an investigation or proceeding in relation to a criminal matter in Australia; or
(e) the provision of the assistance would, or would be likely to, prejudice the safety of any person (whether in or outside Australia); or
(f) the provision of the assistance would impose an excessive burden on the resources of the Commonwealth or of a State or Territory; or
(g) it is appropriate, in all the circumstances of the case, that the assistance requested should not be granted.

Statut de Rome

Article 90 Demandes concurrentes

1. Si un État Partie reçoit de la Cour, conformément à l'article 89, une demande de remise et reçoit par ailleurs de tout autre État une demande d'extradition de la même personne pour le même comportement, qui constitue la base du crime pour lequel la Cour demande la remise de cette personne, il en avise la Cour et l'État requérant.

2. Lorsque l'État requérant est un État Partie, l'État requis donne la priorité à la demande de la Cour :

a) Si la Cour a décidé, en application des articles 18 ou 19, que l'affaire que concerne la demande de remise est recevable en tenant compte de l'enquête menée ou des poursuites engagées par l'État requérant en relation avec la demande d'extradition de celui-ci ; ou

b) Si la Cour prend la décision visée à l'alinéa a) à la suite de la notification faite par l'État requis en application du paragraphe 1.

3. Lorsque la Cour n'a pas pris la décision visée au paragraphe 2, alinéa a), l'État requis peut, s'il le souhaite, commencer à instruire la demande d'extradition de l'État requérant en attendant que la Cour se prononce comme prévu à l'alinéa b). Il n'extrade pas la personne tant que la Cour n'a pas jugé l'affaire irrecevable. La Cour se prononce selon une procédure accélérée.

4. Si l'État requérant est un État non Partie au présent Statut, l'État requis, s'il n'est pas tenu par une obligation internationale d'extrader l'intéressé vers l'État requérant, donne la priorité à la demande de remise de la Cour, si celle-ci a jugé que l'affaire était recevable.

5. Quand une affaire relevant du paragraphe 4 n'a pas été jugée recevable par la Cour, l'État requis peut, s'il le souhaite, commencer à instruire la demande d'extradition de l'État requérant.

6. Dans les cas où le paragraphe 4 s'applique mais que l'État requis est tenu par une obligation internationale d'extrader la personne vers l'État non partie requérant, l'État requis détermine s'il y a lieu de remettre la personne à la Cour ou de l'extrader vers l'État requérant. Dans sa décision, il tient compte de toutes les considérations pertinentes, notamment :

a) L'ordre chronologique des demandes ;

b) Les intérêts de l'État requérant, en particulier, le cas échéant, le fait que le crime a été commis sur son territoire et la nationalité des victimes et de la personne réclamée ; et

c) La possibilité que la Cour et l'État requérant parviennent ultérieurement à un accord concernant la remise de cette personne.

7. Si un État Partie reçoit de la Cour une demande de remise et reçoit par ailleurs d'un autre État une demande d'extradition de la même personne pour un comportement différent de celui qui constitue le crime pour lequel la Cour demande la remise :

a) L'État requis donne la priorité à la demande de la Cour s'il n'est pas tenu par une obligation internationale d'extrader la personne vers l'État requérant ;

b) S'il est tenu par une obligation internationale d'extrader la personne vers l'État requérant, l'État requis soit remet cette personne à la Cour soit l'extrade vers l'État requérant. Dans son choix, il tient compte de toutes les considérations pertinentes, notamment celles qui sont énoncées au paragraphe 6, mais accorde une importance particulière à la nature et à la gravité relative du comportement en cause.

Lorsqu'à la suite d'une notification reçue en application du présent article, la Cour a jugé une affaire irrecevable et que l'extradition vers l'État requérant est ultérieurement refusée, l'État requis avise la Cour de cette décision.

Article 93 Autres formes de coopération

4. Conformément à l'article 72, un État Partie ne peut rejeter, totalement ou partiellement, une demande d'assistance de la Cour que si cette demande a pour objet la production de documents ou la divulgation d'éléments de preuve qui touchent à sa sécurité nationale.