Procedimientos nacionales relativos a la ejecución de las penas impuestas

Trinidad y Tabago

The International Criminal Court Act 2006

PART VI
ENFORCEMENT OF PENALTIES

Orders Relating to Victim Reparation

124. (1) This section applies if—
(a) the ICC—
(i) makes an order under article 75 of the Statute requiring reparation; and
(ii) requests that the order be enforced in accordance with article 109 of the Statute; and
(b) neither the conviction in respect of which the order was imposed nor the order requiring reparation is subject to further appeal.
(2) The Attorney General may give authority for the request to proceed if satisfied that the order—
(a) requires reparation; and
(b) is of a kind that can be enforced in the manner provided in this section.
(3) If the Attorney General gives authority for the request to proceed—
(a) the Attorney General shall refer the request to the appropriate Trinidad and Tobago agency;
(b) that agency shall, without delay, take all such steps as necessary to enforce the Order, as if it were an Order of the High Court; and

(c) that agency shall, without delay, make such report to the Attorney General on the results of any action taken as it considers to be appropriate in the circumstances.
(4) Nothing in this section limits or affects the provision of other types of assistance to the ICC in relation to an order made under article 75 of the Statute.

125. (1) This section applies if— Enforcement of fines
(a) the ICC—
(i) orders payment of a fine under article 77(2)(a) of the Statute; and
(ii) requests that the order be enforced in accordance with article 109 of the Statute; and
(b) neither the conviction in respect of which the order was imposed nor the order for payment of a fine is subject to further appeal.
(2) The Attorney General may give authority for the request to proceed if he is satisfied that the order—
(a) involves a monetary penalty; and
(b) is of a kind that can be enforced in the manner provided in this section.
(3) If the Attorney General gives authority for the request to proceed—
(a) he shall refer the request to the appropriate Trinidad and Tobago agency; and
(b) that agency shall, without delay—
(i) take such steps as are necessary to enforce the order as if it were a fine imposed on conviction under the laws of Trinidad and Tobago; and

(ii) make such report to the Attorney General on the results of any action taken as it considers to be appropriate in the circumstances.
(4) Nothing in this section limits or affects the provisions of other types of assistance to the ICC in relation to a penalty imposed under article 77 of the Statute.
Assistance with Enforcement of Forfeiture Orders
126. (1) This section applies if—
(a) the ICC—
(i) makes an order under article 77(2)(b) of the Statute for the forfeiture of tainted property; and
(ii) requests assistance under article 109(1) of the Statute to enforce the forfeiture order; and
(b) neither the conviction in respect of which the order was imposed nor the forfeiture order is subject to further appeal.
(2) The Attorney General may give authority for the request to proceed if he is satisfied that the order is of a kind that can be enforced in the manner provided in sections 127 to 131.
(3) If the Attorney General gives authority for the request to proceed, he shall refer the request to the Solicitor General for registration of the forfeiture order in the manner provided in sections 127 to 129.
127. (1) The Solicitor General may apply to the High Court for the registration of a forfeiture order or an amendment to such an order.
(2) On an application under subsection (1), the Court must register the order or the amendment to the order under section 128 if it is satisfied that the order or amendment to the order is in force.

128. (1) A forfeiture order, or an amendment to such an order, shall be registered in the High Court in accordance with the prescribed procedure, if any, of—
(a) a copy of the order or amendment sealed by the ICC; or
(b) a copy of the order or amendment authenti¬cated in accordance with subsection (2).
(2) A document is authenticated for the purposes of subsection (1)(b) if it purports to be—
(a) signed or certified by a Judge, the Registrar, the Deputy Registrar, or a member of the staff of the ICC; or
(b) authenticated in any other manner author¬ized by the Statute or the Rules.
(3) An amendment to a forfeiture order does not, for the purposes of this Act, have any effect until it is registered.
(4) A facsimile copy of a sealed or authenticated copy of an order or an amendment of an order has the same effect, for the purposes of this Act, as the sealed or authenticated copy that is not a facsimile.
(5) Notwithstanding subsection (4), registration effected by means of a facsimile copy ceases to have effect on the expiry of the period of twenty-one days commencing on the date of registration unless, before the expiry of that period, the sealed or authenticated copy is registered.
129. If the High Court registers an order under section 128, the Court may direct the Solicitor General to do either or both of the following—
(a) give notice of the registration, in the manner and within the time the Court considers appropriate, to such persons other than a person convicted of an offence in respect of which the order was made, as the Court has reason to believe may have an interest in the property; or

(b) publish notice of the registration in the manner and within the time the Court considers appropriate.
130. (1) A forfeiture order registered under section 128 has effect and may be enforced as if it were a forfeiture order—
(a) made by the High Court under the Proceeds of Crime Act, 2000; and
(b) entered on the date of registration.
(2) Subsection (1) applies subject to sections 132 and 133.
(3) If a forfeiture order is registered under section 128—
(a) the relevant provisions of the Proceeds of Crime Act, 2000, so far as are applicable and with any necessary modifications, apply in relation to the order;
(b) the property shall be disposed of, or other¬wise dealt with, in accordance with the order of, or directions given by, the ICC and the Attorney General may give such directions as may be necessary to give effect to that order or those directions; and
(c) if, for any reason, the Attorney General is not able to dispose of the property in accordance with the ICC’s order or directions, the Attorney General may, after consulting with the ICC, arrange for the property to be transferred to the person in whom it was vested immediately before the forfeiture order was made.
(4) A restraint order registered in accordance with section 112(2) has effect, and may be enforced, as if it were a restraint order—
(a) made by the High Court under the Proceeds of Crime Act, 2000; and
(b) entered on the date of registration.


131. (1) If the Attorney General is unable to give effect to a forfeiture order, he shall take measures to recover—

(a) the value specified by the ICC as the value of the tainted property ordered by the ICC to be forfeited; or
(b) if the ICC has not specified the value of the tainted property, the value that, in the opinion of the Attorney General, is the value of the tainted property ordered by the ICC to be forfeited.
(2) In a case to which subsection (1) applies, the forfeiture order is to be treated as a fine for the equivalent amount and may be enforced accordingly as if it were a fine—
(a) imposed by the High Court; and
(b) entered on the date of registration.
132. (1) If a forfeiture order is registered under section 128, a person, other than a person convicted of an offence in respect of which the order was made, who claims an interest in any of the property to which the order relates may apply to the High Court for an order under section 133.

(2) A person on whom notice of the hearing of the ICC held in connection with the making of the forfeiture order was served, or who appeared at the hearing, may not make an application under subsection (1) without the leave of the High Court.
(3) The High Court shall not grant leave under subsection (2) unless it is satisfied that—
(a) the applicant had good reason for failing to attend the hearing held by the ICC in connection with the making of the forfeiture order;

(b) evidence proposed to be adduced by the applicant in connection with the application under subsection (1) was not reasonably available to the applicant at the time of the hearing of the ICC; or
(c) there are special reasons justifying the grant of leave.
(4) An application under subsection (1) shall be made before the expiry of the period of two months beginning on the date on which the forfeiture order is registered in the High Court.
(5) Notwithstanding subsection (4), the High Court may grant a person leave to make an application under subsection (1) after the expiry of the period referred to in subsection (4) if it is satisfied that the person’s failure to apply within that period was not owing to any neglect on his part.
(6) A person who makes an application under sub¬section (1) shall serve notice of the application on the Solicitor General, who shall be a party to any proceedings on the application.
(7) This section and section 133 apply subject to any contrary provision in the Statute or the Rules.
133. (1) This section applies if—
(a) a person applies to the High Court for an order under this section in respect of an interest in property; and
(b) the Court is satisfied that the applicant’s claim is valid.
(2) If this section applies, the High Court shall make an order—
(a) declaring the nature, extent, and value of the applicant’s interest in the property; and

(b) either—
(i) directing that the interest be transferred to the applicant; or
(ii) declaring that payment be made to the applicant of an amount equal to the value of the interest declared by the Court.
(3) Notwithstanding subsection (2), the Court may, if it thinks fit, refuse to make an order under that subsection if it is satisfied that—
(a) the applicant was, in any respect, involved in the commission of the offence in respect of which the order was made; or
(b) although the applicant acquired the interest at the time of or after the commis¬sion of the offence, it was not acquired in good faith and for value.
134. (1) If a forfeiture order has been registered under section 128, the Attorney General may direct the Solicitor General to apply to the High Court for cancellation of the registration.
(2) Without limiting the generality of subsection (1), the Attorney General may give a direction under that subsection in relation to a forfeiture order if—
(a) the order has, since its registration in Trinidad and Tobago, ceased to have effect;
(b) the order was registered in contravention of section 126;
(c) the Attorney General considers that cancel¬lation is appropriate having regard to the arrangements in force with the ICC in relation to the enforcement of orders of that kind; or
(d) the ICC so requests.


(3) If, in accordance with a direction given under subsection (1), the Solicitor General applies to the High Court for cancellation of the registration of a forfeiture order, the Court shall cancel the registration accordingly.
Transfer of Money or Property Recovered under
this Part
135. (1) Any money or property, including the pro¬ceeds of sale of property, recovered as a result of the enforcement under this Part of an order of the ICC shall be transferred to the ICC.
(2) Subsection (1) applies—
(a) subject to section 130(3)(b) and (c); but
(b) notwithstanding any other provision in this Part or in any other Act.

PART VII
PERSONS IN TRANSIT TO ICC OR SERVING SENTENCES IMPOSED BY ICC

Enforcement of Sentences in Trinidad and
Tobago
139. (1) The Attorney General may advise the ICC that Trinidad and Tobago is willing to allow persons who are ICC prisoners as a result of being sentenced to imprisonment by the ICC to serve those sentences in Trinidad and Tobago, subject to any specified conditions.
(2) If advice is given under subsection (1), the Attorney General may, at any time, advise the ICC—
(a) of further conditions that Trinidad and Tobago wishes to impose in relation to the serving of sentences in Trinidad and Tobago by ICC prisoners; or
(b) that it wishes to withdraw a condition referred to in subsection (1) or paragraph (a).
(3) If advice is given under subsection (1), the Attorney General may, at any time, advise the ICC that Trinidad and Tobago is no longer willing to allow ICC prisoners to serve their sentences in Trinidad and Tobago.

(4) Any advice given under subsection (3) does not affect the enforcement of sentences for which the Attorney General has accepted the designation of the ICC under section 140( 1)(c).
140. (1) This section and sections 141 to 156 apply if—
(a) the Attorney General has given advice under section 139(1) and has not withdrawn that advice under section 139(3); and
(b) the ICC imposes a sentence of imprison¬ment on a person—
(i) convicted of an international crime; or
(ii) convicted of an offence against the administration of justice; and
(c) the ICC designates Trinidad and Tobago, under article 103 of the Statute, as the State in which the sentence is to be served.
(2) If the Attorney General accepts the designa¬tion, he shall issue an order for detention in the prescribed form.
(3) The Attorney General may, at any time, ask the ICC to give one or more of the following assurances:
(a) that all or part of the transportation costs incurred by Trinidad and Tobago in the enforcement of the sentence will be met by the ICC;
(b) that the ICC will arrange for the trans¬portation of the ICC prisoner who is the subject of the designation—
(i) to Trinidad and Tobago, for the purpose of enabling his or her sentence to be enforced in Trinidad and Tobago; or


(ii) from Trinidad and Tobago, on the completion of the sentence, or if the ICC prisoner is to be transferred to another country; and
(c) an assurance relating to such other matters as the Attorney General thinks appropriate.
141. (1) If the Attorney General accepts the designation of Trinidad and Tobago as the State in which a sentence of imprisonment imposed by the ICC is to be served, the ICC prisoner may be transported to Trinidad and Tobago in the custody of—
(a) a police officer;
(b) a prison officer; or
(c) a person authorized for the purpose by the ICC.
(2) On arrival in Trinidad and Tobago or, if the person is already in Trinidad and Tobago when the sentence is imposed, on the imposition of the sentence, the ICC prisoner shall be detained in accordance with the Prisons Act, 1954 as if the prisoner had been sentenced to imprisonment under Trinidad and Tobago law.

(3) Notwithstanding subsection (2) and any other enactment—
(a) the ICC prisoner has the right to communi¬cate on a confidential basis with the ICC, without impediment from any person;
(b) a Judge of the ICC or a member of the staff of the ICC may visit the ICC prisoner for the purpose of hearing any representations by the prisoner without the presence of any other person, except any representative of the prisoner;
(c) the ICC prisoner shall not, without the prior agreement of the ICC, be released from prison; and
(d) the Attorney General must advise the ICC if the ICC prisoner is transferred to a hospital.

142. The order for detention issued by the Attorney General under section 140(2) is sufficient authority for the detention of the prisoner to which the notice relates for the purposes of this Part and the Prisons Act—
(a) until the ICC prisoner completes, or is released from, the sentence or is transferred to another country; and
(b) during any further period that the ICC prisoner is required to serve the sentence if the ICC makes an order for recall of the prisoner.
143. The administration of a sentence of imprison¬ment imposed by the ICC that is served in Trinidad and Tobago, including any decision to release or transfer the ICC prisoner, shall be undertaken in accordance with Part 10 of the Statute and the Rules, notwithstanding the provisions of any other Act.
144. (1) This section applies if the ICC, under article 110 of the Statute, decides to review the sentence of an ICC prisoner who is serving that sentence in Trinidad and Tobago.
(2) The Attorney General must direct that the prisoner be transferred to the ICC for the purposes of enabling the ICC to review the prisoner’s sentence if the Minister is satisfied that—
(a) the prisoner is entitled to appear before the ICC at the review of the prisoner’s sentence;
(b) the ICC has requested the prisoner to appear before it at the review; or
(c) the interests of justice require the prisoner’s attendance at the ICC.
(3) On the giving of a direction under subsection (2), the prisoner may be transported to the ICC and, if necessary, from the ICC in the custody of —
(a) a police officer;

(b) a prison officer; or
(c) a person authorized for the purpose by the ICC.
145. (1) This section applies if the ICC—
(a) directs that an ICC prisoner appear before it to give evidence in another case; or
(b) requests that an ICC prisoner appear before it for any other reason.
(2) The Attorney General—
(a) if subsection (1)(a) applies, shall direct that the ICC prisoner be transferred to the ICC; or
(b) if subsection (1)(b) applies, may direct that the ICC prisoner be transferred to the ICC if he is satisfied that the interests of justice require the prisoner’s attendance at the ICC.
(3) If the Attorney General gives a direction under subsection (2), section 144(3) and (4) apply, with any necessary modifications.
(4) This section does not apply if the request by the ICC is a request to which section 95(1) applies.
146. If an ICC prisoner of any nationality is to be transferred from Trinidad and Tobago to another State to complete that sentence, the prisoner may be transported from Trinidad and Tobago to that State in the custody of—
(a) a police officer;
(b) a prison officer; or
(c) a person authorized for the purpose by the ICC.

147. (1) If an ICC prisoner is to complete his sentence in Trinidad and Tobago or to be released at the direction of the ICC while in Trinidad and Tobago and the prisoner is not a Trinidad and Tobago citizen, the Attorney General shall, before the date of completion or release, either—
(a) make a removal order under section 153; or
(b) issue a certificate under section 150 giving the prisoner temporary authority to remain in Trinidad and Tobago.
(2) The Attorney General shall not issue the certificate referred to in subsection (1)(b) unless he is satisfied that—
(a) because of the special circumstances of the ICC prisoner, it would be inappropriate to make a removal order; or
(b) it is desirable to issue a certificate under section 150 in order to facilitate the processing of a request of extradition of the ICC prisoner, or the investigation of an offence, or to enable the prisoner to serve another sentence in Trinidad and Tobago, or for any other reason in the interests of justice.
(3) This section applies subject to section 148.

S
148. (1) An ICC prisoner serving a sentence in Trinidad and Tobago may—
(a) be extradited to another country in accordance with the Extradition (Commonwealth and Foreign Territories) Act, 1985 either—
(i) at the completion of the sentence; or
(ii) during the sentence, but only for a temporary period;

(b) be required to remain in Trinidad and Tobago in order to serve any sentence that the prisoner is liable to serve under Trinidad and Tobago law; or
(c) be required to remain in Trinidad and Tobago to undergo trial for an offence under Trinidad and Tobago law.
(2) Notwithstanding subsection (1) a person to whom—
(a) subsection (1)(a) applies may not be extradited to another country without the prior agreement of the ICC; or
(b) subsection (1)(b) or (c) applies may not be required to serve a sentence in Trinidad and Tobago or to undergo trial for an offence under Trinidad and Tobago law, as the case may be, that relates to an act or omission that occurred before the designation referred to in section 140(1)(c), without the prior agreement of the ICC.
(3) Subsection (2) does not apply to a person
who—
(a) remains voluntarily in Trinidad and Tobago for more than thirty days after the date of completion of, or release from, the sentence imposed by the ICC; or
(b) voluntarily returns to Trinidad and Tobago after having left.
149. (1) Subsection (2) applies if—
(a) an ICC prisoner serving a sentence in another State escapes from custody and is located in Trinidad and Tobago; and
(b) the State designated by the ICC as the State of enforcement of the sentence makes a request to Trinidad and Tobago for extradition in accordance with article 111 of the Statute.

(2) If this subsection applies, the Extradition Act, 1985 applies to a request for extradition—
(a) with any necessary modifications; and
(b) as if the request related to a person who had been convicted of an extradition offence, within the meaning of section 2 of that Act.
(3) Subsection (4) applies if—
(a) an ICC prisoner serving a sentence in Trinidad and Tobago escapes from custody and is located in another State; and
(b) the Attorney General wishes to make a request to that State for the person’s extradition in accordance with article 111.
(4) If this subsection applies, the Attorney General may make a request for the prisoner’s extradition under the Extradition Act, 1985 and that Act applies—
(a) with any necessary modifications; and
(b) as if the request related to a person who had been convicted of an extradition offence, within the meaning of section 2 of that Act.
Certificates and Removal Orders
150. (1) A certificate issued by the Attorney General under this section may—
(a) be issued for a period, not exceeding three months, specified in the certificate;
(b) from time to time, be renewed for further periods not exceeding three months; and
(c) if the Attorney General thinks fit, order that the person named in the certificate be taken into custody.
(2) The certificate is, while it remains in force, sufficient authority for the person named in the certificate to remain in Trinidad and Tobago.

(3) Nothing in the Immigration Act applies to the person named in the certificate while the certificate is in force.
151. The Attorney General shall cancel the certificate issued under section 150 and make a removal order under section 153 in respect of a person if, there do not appear to the Attorney General to be any other grounds on which the person should be permitted to remain in Trinidad and Tobago.


152. (1) If a certificate issued under section 150 orders that a person be taken into custody, the certificate is sufficient authority for a police officer to arrest the person and take him into custody.
(2) A person who is taken into custody under this section shall, unless sooner released, be brought before a Judge as soon as possible and, after that, every twenty-one days while the certificate is in force to determine, in accordance with subsection (3), if the person should be detained in custody or released pending the decisions referred to in section 151.
(3) If a person is brought before a Judge under subsection (2), the judge may, if he is satisfied that the person is the person named in the certificate—
(a) issue a warrant for the detention of the person in custody if he is satisfied that, if not detained, the person is likely to abscond; or
(b) order the release of the person subject to such conditions, if any, that he thinks fit.
(4) A warrant for the detention of the person issued under subsection (3)(a) may authorize the detention of the person in a prison or any other place in which a person could be detained under section 42.

153. (1) A removal order made by the Attorney General under this section may—
(a) either—
(i) require the person who is the subject of the order to be released into or taken into the custody of a police officer; or
(ii) if the person is not in custody, authorize any police officer to take the person into custody;
(b) must specify that the person is to be taken by a police officer and placed on board any craft for the purpose of effecting the person’s removal from Trinidad and Tobago; and
(c) may authorize the detention in custody of the person while awaiting removal from Trinidad and Tobago.
(2) The removal order shall be served on the person named in the order by personal service.
(3) If the removal order authorizes the detention of the person in custody, the person may be detained—
(a) in a prison, or any other place in which a person could be detained under section 42; or
(b) at a seaport or airport.
(4) A removal order made under this section continues in force until it is executed or cancelled.
(5) In this section, “personal service” in relation to a removal order, means personal delivery of the order to the person to whom it relates or, if the person refuses to accept the order, bringing the order to the person’s attention.

154. (1) If a person is not able to be conveyed out of Trinidad and Tobago within forty-eight hours after service of a removal issued under section 153, the person shall be brought before a Judge to determine, in accordance with subsection (2), whether the person should be detained in custody or released pending removal from Trinidad and Tobago.
(2) If a person is brought before a Judge under subsection (1), the judge may, if he is satisfied that the person is the person named in the order—
(a) issue a warrant for the detention of the person in custody if he is satisfied that, if not detained, the person is likely to abscond; or
(b) order the release of the person subject to such conditions, if any, that he thinks fit.
(3) A warrant for the detention of the person issued under subsection (2)(a) may authorize the detention of the person in any place specified in section 153(3).
155. A person to whom this Part applies is not required to hold a permit under the Immigration Act if, and for so long as, he is in Trinidad and Tobago in accordance with this Part, whether or not he is in custody.
156. Nothing in this Part authorizes the making of a removal order under section 153 in respect of a Trinidad and Tobago citizen.

Estatuto de Roma

Artículo 103 Función de los Estados en la ejecución de las penas privativas de libertad

1

(a) La pena privativa de libertad se cumplirá en un Estado designado por la Corte sobre la base de una lista de Estados que hayan manifestado a la Corte que están dispuestos a recibir condenados;

(b) En el momento de declarar que está dispuesto a recibir condenados, el Estado podrá poner condiciones a reserva de que sean aceptadas por la Corte y estén en conformidad con la presente Parte;

(c) El Estado designado en un caso determinado indicará sin demora a la Corte si acepta la designación.

2

(a) El Estado de ejecución de la pena notificará a la Corte cualesquiera circunstancias, incluido el cumplimiento de las condiciones aceptadas con arreglo al párrafo 1, que pudieren afectar materialmente a las condiciones o la duración de la privación de libertad. Las circunstancias conocidas o previsibles deberán ponerse en conocimiento de la Corte con una antelación mínima de 45 días. Durante este período, el Estado de ejecución no adoptará medida alguna que redunde en perjuicio de lo dispuesto en el artículo 110;

(b) La Corte, si no puede aceptar las circunstancias a que se hace referencia en el apartado (a), lo notificará al Estado de ejecución y procederá de conformidad con el párrafo 1 del artículo 104.

3. La Corte, al ejercer su facultad discrecional de efectuar la designación prevista en el párrafo 1, tendrá en cuenta:

(a) El principio de que los Estados Partes deben compartir la responsabilidad por la ejecución de las penas privativas de libertad de conformidad con los principios de distribución equitativa que establezcan las Reglas de Procedimiento y Prueba;

(b) La aplicación de normas de tratados internacionales generalmente aceptadas sobre el tratamiento de los reclusos;

(c) La opinión del condenado;

(d) La nacionalidad del condenado; y

(e) Otros factores relativos a las circunstancias del crimen o del condenado, o a la ejecución eficaz de la pena, según procedan en la designación del Estado de ejecución.

4. De no designarse un Estado de conformidad con el párrafo 1, la pena privativa de libertad se cumplirá en el establecimiento penitenciario que designe el Estado anfitrión, de conformidad con las condiciones estipuladas en el acuerdo relativo a la sede a que se hace referencia en el párrafo 2 del artículo 3. En ese caso, los gastos que entrañe la ejecución de la pena privativa de libertad serán sufragados por la Corte.