DECLARATION OF HUMAN AND CIVIC RIGHTS OF 26 AUGUST 1789
Article 9
As every man is presumed innocent until he has been declared guilty, if it should be considered necessary to arrest him, any undue harshness that is not required to secure his person must be severely curbed by Law.
TITLE
PRELIMINARY ARTICLE
III. Every person suspected or prosecuted is presumed innocent as long as his guilt has not been established. Attacks on his presumption of innocence are proscribed, compensated and punished in the circumstances laid down by statute.
BOOK I
EXERCISE OF PUBLIC PROSECUTION AND JUDICIAL INVESTIGATION
TITLE III
INVESTIGATING JURISDICTIONS
CHAPTER I
THE INVESTIGATING JUDGE: THE FIRST-TIER INVESTIGATING JURISDICTION
SECTION VII
JUDICIAL SUPERVISION AND PRE-TRIAL DETENTION
Article 137
The person under judicial examination, presumed innocent, remains at liberty. However, if the investigation so requires, or as a precautionary measure, he may be subjected to one or more obligations of judicial supervision. If this does not serve its purpose, he may, in exceptional cases, be remanded in custody.
1. Everyone shall be presumed innocent until proved guilty before the Court in accordance with the applicable law.
2. The onus is on the Prosecutor to prove the guilt of the accused.
3. In order to convict the accused, the Court must be convinced of the guilt of the accused beyond reasonable doubt.