Recidivism of criminal offences

Poland

The Penal Code

GENERAL PART

CHAPTER VIII. Relapse into crime

Article 64. §1. If a perpetrator sentenced to the penalty of deprivation of liberty for an offence
committed with intent, during the 5 year period after having served at least 6 months of the penalty,
commits an intentional offence similar to the offence for which he had been sentenced, the court may
impose the penalty of deprivation of liberty, prescribed for the offence committed, within the statutory
limits, up to the highest statutory penalty further increased by a half.

§2. If a perpetrator previously sentenced in under the conditions specified in §1, who has served
the total of at least one year's deprivation of liberty and in the period of 5 years after the serving of the last penalty in full or in part, again commits an intentional offence against life or health, or rape, robbery, housebreaking or burglary, or other offence against property, committed with the use of violence or the threat of violence, the court shall impose the penalty of deprivation of liberty, prescribed for the offence committed, exceeding the lower statutory limit, or may impose a penalty up to the highest statutory penalty further increased by a half.

§ 3. The raising of the highest statutory penalty under § 1 or 2 shall not be applied to crimes.

Rome Statute

Article 25 Individual criminal responsibility

1. The Court shall have jurisdiction over natural persons pursuant to this Statute.

2. A person who commits a crime within the jurisdiction of the Court shall be individually responsible and liable for punishment in accordance with this Statute.

3. In accordance with this Statute, a person shall be criminally responsible and liable for punishment for a crime within the jurisdiction of the Court if that person:

(a) Commits such a crime, whether as an individual, jointly with another or through another person, regardless of whether that other person is criminally responsible;

(b) Orders, solicits or induces the commission of such a crime which in fact occurs or is attempted;

(c) For the purpose of facilitating the commission of such a crime, aids, abets or otherwise assists in its commission or its attempted commission, including providing the means for its commission;

(d) In any other way contributes to the commission or attempted commission of such a crime by a group of persons acting with a common purpose. Such contribution shall be intentional and shall either:

(i) Be made with the aim of furthering the criminal activity or criminal purpose of the group, where such activity or purpose involves the commission of a crime within the jurisdiction of the Court; or

(ii) Be made in the knowledge of the intention of the group to commit the crime;

(e) In respect of the crime of genocide, directly and publicly incites others to commit genocide;

(f) Attempts to commit such a crime by taking action that commences its execution by means of a substantial step, but the crime does not occur because of circumstances independent of the person's intentions. However, a person who abandons the effort to commit the crime or otherwise prevents the completion of the crime shall not be liable for punishment under this Statute for the attempt to commit that crime if that person completely and voluntarily gave up the criminal purpose.

3 bis. In respect of the crime of aggression, the provisions of this article shall apply only to persons in a position effectively to exercise control over or to direct the political or military action of a State.

4. No provision in this Statute relating to individual criminal responsibility shall affect the responsibility of States under international law.