Presumption of innocence

Poland

Poland - Constitution 1997 (2009) EN

Chapter II
THE FREEDOMS, RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS OF PERSONS AND CITIZENS

PERSONAL FREEDOMS AND RIGHTS

Article 42

3. Everyone shall be presumed innocent of a charge until his guilt is determined by the final judgment of a court.

Poland - Criminal Procedure Code 1997 (2003) EN

Article 5.
1. The accused shall be presumed innocent until his guilt has been proven under the provisions of this Code.
2. Unresolvable doubts shall not be resolved to the prejudice of the accused.

Article 74. ยง 1. The accused is under no obligation to prove his innocence or obligation to submit evidence in his disfavour.

Rome Statute

Article 66 Presumption of innocence

1. Everyone shall be presumed innocent until proved guilty before the Court in accordance with the applicable law.

2. The onus is on the Prosecutor to prove the guilt of the accused.

3. In order to convict the accused, the Court must be convinced of the guilt of the accused beyond reasonable doubt.