PART TWO
HUMAN RIGHTS AND LIBERTIES

2. PERSONAL RIGHTS AND LIBERTIES

Principle of legality

Article 33
No one may be punished for an act that, prior to being committed, was not stipulated by the law as punishable, nor may be pronounced a punishment which was not envisaged for that act.

GENERAL PART

TITLE ONE
GENERAL PROVISIONS

Legality in Defining Statutory criminal offences and Prescribing criminal sanctions

Article 2
A punishment or other criminal sanction may only be imposed for an act which constituted a statutory criminal offence before the time of commission and for which punishment was authorized by law.

Part One
GENERAL PROVISIONS

Chapter I
BASIC RULES

Scope and Objective of the Code

Article 1
The present Code sets forth the rules with the objective to enable a fair conduct of the criminal proceedings and ensure that no innocent person be convicted and that a criminal sanction be imposed on a criminal offender under the conditions provided for in the Criminal Code and on the basis of legally conducted proceedings.

Part One
GENERAL PROVISIONS

Chapter I
BASIC RULES

Principle of legality

Article 2
(1) A criminal sanction may be imposed on the perpetrator only by the competent Court in the proceedings initiated and conducted in compliance with the present Code.

(2) Freedom and other rights of the accused person may be limited prior to the rendering of the final judgment, only under the conditions set forth in the present Code .