Conspiracy

Marshall Islands

Marshall Islands - Criminal Code 2011 EN

PART I - GENERAL PROVISIONS
ARTICLE 5. INCHOATE CRIMES

ยง5.03. Criminal Conspiracy.
(1) Definition of Conspiracy. A person is guilty of conspiracy with another person or persons to commit a crime if with the intent to promote or facilitate its commission:
(a) he or she agrees with such other person or persons that they or one or more of them will engage in conduct that constitutes such crime or an attempt or solicitation to commit such crime; and
(b) he or she or another person with whom he or she conspired commits an overt act in pursuance of the conspiracy.
(2) Scope of Conspiratorial Relationship. If a person guilty of conspiracy, as defined by Subsection (1) of this Section, knows that a person with whom he or she conspires to commit a crime has conspired with another person or persons to commit the same crime, he or she is guilty of conspiring with such other person or persons, whether or not he or she knows their identity, to commit such crime.
(3) Conspiracy with Multiple Criminal Objectives. If a person conspires to commit a number of crimes, he or she is guilty of only one conspiracy so long as such multiple crimes are the object of the same agreement or continuous conspiratorial relationship.
(4) Renunciation of Criminal Purpose. It is an affirmative defense that the actor, after conspiring to commit a crime, gave timely warning to law enforcement authorities or otherwise made reasonable efforts to thwart the success of the conspiracy, under the circumstances manifesting a complete and voluntary renunciation of his or her criminal purpose.
(5) Duration of Conspiracy. For purposes of Section 1.06(4):
(a) conspiracy is a continuing course of conduct that terminates when the crime or crimes that are its object are committed or the agreement that they be committed is abandoned by the defendant and by those with whom he or she conspired; and
(b) such abandonment is presumed if neither the defendant nor anyone with whom he or she conspired does any overt act in pursuance of the conspiracy during the applicable period of limitation; and
(c) if an individual abandons the agreement, the conspiracy is terminated as to that person only if and when the person advises those with whom he or she conspired of his or her abandonment or he or she informs the law enforcement authorities of the existence of the conspiracy and of his or her participation therein.

Rome Statute

Article 25 Individual criminal responsibility

3. In accordance with this Statute, a person shall be criminally responsible and liable for punishment for a crime within the jurisdiction of the Court if that person:

(d) In any other way contributes to the commission or attempted commission of such a crime by a group of persons acting with a common purpose. Such contribution shall be intentional and shall either:

(i) Be made with the aim of furthering the criminal activity or criminal purpose of the group, where such activity or purpose involves the commission of a crime within the jurisdiction of the Court; or

(ii) Be made in the knowledge of the intention of the group to commit the crime;