Article 57.

1. Everyone shall be presumed innocent of committing a crime and/or offense until their guilt is proven in the manner prescribed by law and established by a court sentence that has entered into legal force. Violation of this principle shall be a ground for judicial compensation of material and moral damages.

Article 59.

3. No one may be detained, imprisoned, or deprived of liberty except by a court order and only on the grounds and in the manner prescribed by law.

Article 2. Principle of legality

The criminality of an act and its punishability, as well as other criminal-legal consequences, are determined only by this Code.