Universal jurisdiction

Finland

Finland - Criminal Code 1894 (2021) EN

Chapter 1 (626/1996)
Scope of application of the criminal law of Finland

Section 7 (626/1996)
International offence

Finnish law applies to such an offence committed outside of Finland where the punishability of the act is, regardless of the law of the place of commission, based on an international agreement binding on Finland or on another statute or regulation internationally binding on Finland (international offence). Further provisions on the application of this section are issued by decree.

Regardless of the law of the place of commission, Finnish law also applies to such a nuclear device offence or preparation of endangerment that is to be deemed an offence referred to in the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (Finnish Treaty Series 15/2001). (841/1998)

Regardless of the law of the place of commission, Finnish law also applies to the following offences committed outside of Finland:

1) trafficking in human beings and aggravated trafficking in human beings,
2) offences punishable under chapter 34a,
3) robbery, aggravated robbery, extortion and aggravated extortion committed for the purpose of committing an offence referred to in chapter 34a, section 1 or 1a or section 2, paragraph 3, and
4) forgery and aggravated forgery committed for the purpose of committing an offence referred to in chapter 34a, section 1, subsection 1, paragraphs 2–8 or subsection 2; section 1a; section 2, paragraph 3; or section 4, 5 or 5c. (281/2021)

Chapter 1 (626/1996)
Scope of application of the criminal law of Finland

Section 13 (626/1996)
Foreign judgment

Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection 1, the Prosecutor General may order that charges be
brought in Finland, if the judgment passed abroad was not based on a request made by a Finnish
authority or a request for extradition granted by the Finnish authorities and

1) under section 3, the offence is deemed to have been directed at Finland,
2) the offence is an offence in public office or a military offence referred to in section 4,
3) the offence is an international offence referred to in section 7, or
4) under section 10, the offence is deemed to have also been committed in Finland. However, the Prosecutor General shall not order charges to be brought for an offence that has been partially committed in the territory of that Member State of the European Union where the judgment was passed.

Rome Statute

Article 12 Preconditions to the exercise of jurisdiction

1. A State which becomes a Party to this Statute thereby accepts the jurisdiction of the Court with respect to the crimes referred to in article 5.

2. In the case of article 13, paragraph (a) or (c), the Court may exercise its jurisdiction if one or more of the following States are Parties to this Statute or have accepted the jurisdiction of the Court in accordance with paragraph 3:

(a) The State on the territory of which the conduct in question occurred or, if the crime was committed on board a vessel or aircraft, the State of registration of that vessel or aircraft;

(b) The State of which the person accused of the crime is a national.

3. If the acceptance of a State which is not a Party to this Statute is required under paragraph 2, that State may, by declaration lodged with the Registrar, accept the exercise of jurisdiction by the Court with respect to the crime in question. The accepting State shall cooperate with the Court without any delay or exception in accordance with Part 9.