Presumption of innocence

Estonia

Estonia - Constitution 1992 (2015) EN

Chapter II
Fundamental Rights, Freedoms and Duties

§ 22.

No one is required to prove his or her innocence in criminal proceedings.

Estonia - Criminal Procedure Code 2003 (2020) EN

Chapter 1GENERAL PROVISIONS

§ 7. Presumption of innocence
(1) No one shall be presumed guilty of a criminal offence before a judgment of conviction has entered into force with regard to him or her.
(2) No one is required to prove his or her innocence in criminal proceedings.
(3) Any doubts concerning the suspect or the accused being guilty as charged which have not been eliminated in criminal proceedings shall be interpreted to the benefit of the suspect or accused.

Rome Statute

Article 66 Presumption of innocence

1. Everyone shall be presumed innocent until proved guilty before the Court in accordance with the applicable law.

2. The onus is on the Prosecutor to prove the guilt of the accused.

3. In order to convict the accused, the Court must be convinced of the guilt of the accused beyond reasonable doubt.