Incapacity - national proceedings

Colombia

Colombia - Criminal Code 2000 (2010) ES

ARTICULO 33. INIMPUTABILIDAD. Es inimputable quien en el momento de ejecutar la conducta típica y antijurídica no tuviere la capacidad de comprender su ilicitud o de determinarse de acuerdo con esa comprensión, por inmadurez sicológica, trastorno mental, diversidad sociocultural o estados similares.
No será inimputable el agente que hubiere preordenado su trastorno mental.
Los menores de dieciocho (18) años estarán sometidos al Sistema de Responsabilidad Penal Juvenil.

ARTICULO 55. CIRCUNSTANCIAS DE MENOR PUNIBILIDAD. Son circunstancias de menor punibilidad, siempre que no hayan sido previstas de otra manera:
1. La carencia de antecedentes penales.
2. El obrar por motivos nobles o altruistas.
3. El obrar en estado de emoción, pasión excusables, o de temor intenso.
4. La influencia de apremiantes circunstancias personales o familiares en la ejecución de la conducta punible.
5. Procurar voluntariamente después de cometida la conducta, anular o disminuir sus consecuencias.
6. Reparar voluntariamente el daño ocasionado aunque no sea en forma total. Así mismo, si se ha procedido a indemnizar a las personas afectadas con el hecho punible.
7. Presentarse voluntariamente a las autoridades después de haber cometido la conducta punible o evitar la injusta sindicación de terceros.
8. La indigencia o la falta de ilustración, en cuanto hayan influido en la ejecución de la conducta punible.
9. Las condiciones de inferioridad psíquica determinadas por la edad o por circunstancias orgánicas, en cuanto hayan influido en la ejecución de la conducta punible.
10. Cualquier circunstancia de análoga significación a las anteriores.

Colombia - Military criminal code 2010 ES

ARTÍCULO 34. INIMPUTABILIDAD. Es inimputable quien en el momento de ejecutar la conducta típica y antijurídica no tuviere la capacidad de comprender su ilicitud o de determinarse de acuerdo con esa comprensión, por inmadurez sicológica o trastorno mental.

ARTÍCULO 35. TRASTORNO MENTAL PREORDENADO. Cuando el agente hubiere preordenado su trastorno mental, no será considerado como inimputable.

Rome Statute

Article 31 Grounds for excluding criminal responsibility

1. In addition to other grounds for excluding criminal responsibility provided for in this Statute, a person shall not be criminally responsible if, at the time of that person's conduct:

(a) The person suffers from a mental disease or defect that destroys that person's capacity to appreciate the unlawfulness or nature of his or her conduct, or capacity to control his or her conduct to conform to the requirements of law;

(b) The person is in a state of intoxication that destroys that person's capacity to appreciate the unlawfulness or nature of his or her conduct, or capacity to control his or her conduct to conform to the requirements of law, unless the person has become voluntarily intoxicated under such circumstances that the person knew, or disregarded the risk, that, as a result of the intoxication, he or she was likely to engage in conduct constituting a crime within the jurisdiction of the Court;

(c) The person acts reasonably to defend himself or herself or another person or, in the case of war crimes, property which is essential for the survival of the person or another person or property which is essential for accomplishing a military mission, against an imminent and unlawful use of force in a manner proportionate to the degree of danger to the person or the other person or property protected. The fact that the person was involved in a defensive operation conducted by forces shall not in itself constitute a ground for excluding criminal responsibility under this subparagraph;

(d) The conduct which is alleged to constitute a crime within the jurisdiction of the Court has been caused by duress resulting from a threat of imminent death or of continuing or imminent serious bodily harm against that person or another person, and the person acts necessarily and reasonably to avoid this threat, provided that the person does not intend to cause a greater harm than the one sought to be avoided. Such a threat may either be:

(i) Made by other persons; or

(ii) Constituted by other circumstances beyond that person's control.