ARTÍCULO 297. REQUISITOS GENERALES. Para la captura se requerirá orden escrita proferida por un juez de control de garantías con las formalidades legales y por motivos razonablemente fundados, de acuerdo con el artículo 221, para inferir que aquel contra quien se pide librarla es autor o partícipe del delito que se investiga, según petición hecha por el respectivo fiscal.
Capturada la persona será puesta a disposición de un juez de control de garantías en el plazo máximo de treinta y seis (36) horas para que efectúe la audiencia de control de legalidad, ordene la cancelación de la orden de captura y disponga lo pertinente con relación al aprehendido.
PARÁGRAFO. Salvo los casos de captura en flagrancia, o de la captura excepcional dispuesta por la Fiscalía General de la Nación, con arreglo a lo establecido en este código, el indiciado, imputado o acusado no podrá ser privado de su libertad ni restringido en ella, sin previa orden emanada del juez de control de garantías.
ARTÍCULO 298. CONTENIDO Y VIGENCIA. El mandamiento escrito expedido por el juez correspondiente indicará de forma clara y sucinta los motivos de la captura, el nombre y los datos que permitan individualizar al indiciado o imputado, cuya captura se ordena, el número de radicación de la investigación adelantada por la policía judicial y el fiscal que dirige la investigación. Copia de la orden de captura reposará en el despacho del juez que la ordenó.
La orden de captura tendrá una vigencia máxima de seis (6) meses, pero podrá prorrogarse tantas veces como resulte necesario, a petición del fiscal correspondiente, quien estará obligado a comunicar la prórroga al organismo de policía judicial encargado de hacerla efectiva.
PARÁGRAFO. La persona capturada durante la etapa de juzgamiento será puesta a disposición de un juez de control de garantías en el plazo máximo de treinta y seis (36) horas para que efectúe la audiencia de control de legalidad, ordene la cancelación de la orden de captura y disponga lo pertinente con relación al aprehendido.
ARTÍCULO 299. TRÁMITE DE LA ORDEN DE CAPTURA. Proferida la orden de captura, el juez de control de garantías o el de conocimiento, desde el momento en que emita el sentido del fallo o profiera formalmente la sentencia condenatoria, la enviará inmediatamente a la Fiscalía General de la Nación para que disponga el o los organismos de policía judicial encargados de realizar la aprehensión física, y se registre en el sistema de información que se lleve para el efecto. De igual forma deberá comunicarse cuando por cualquier motivo pierda su vigencia, para descargarla de los archivos de cada organismo, indicando el motivo de tal determinación.
PARÁGRAFO. Incurrirá en falta disciplinaria el servidor público que omita o retarde las comunicaciones aludidas en el presente artículo.
ARTÍCULO 300. CAPTURA EXCEPCIONAL POR ORDEN DE LA FISCALÍA.
El Fiscal General de la Nación o su delegado podrá proferir excepcionalmente orden de captura escrita y motivada en los eventos en los que proceda la detención preventiva, cuando no se encuentre un juez que pueda ordenarla, siempre que existan elementos materiales probatorios, evidencia física o información que permitan inferir razonablemente que el indiciado es autor o partícipe de la conducta investigada, y concurra cualquiera de las siguientes causales:
1. Riesgo inminente de que la persona se oculte, se fugue o se ausente del lugar donde se lleva a cabo la investigación.
2. Probabilidad fundada de alterar los medios probatorios.
3. Peligro para la seguridad de la comunidad o de la víctima en cuanto a que, si no es realizada la captura, el indiciado realice en contra de ellas una conducta punible.
La vigencia de esta orden está supeditada a la posibilidad de acceso al juez de control de garantías para obtenerla. Capturada la persona, será puesta a disposición de un juez de control de garantías inmediatamente o a más tardar dentro de las treinta y seis (36) horas siguientes para que efectúe la audiencia de control de legalidad a la orden y a la aprehensión.
ARTÍCULO 301. FLAGRANCIA. Se entiende que hay flagrancia cuando:
1. La persona es sorprendida y aprehendida al momento de cometer el delito.
2. La persona es sorprendida o individualizada al momento de cometer el delito y aprehendida inmediatamente después por persecución o voces de auxilio de quien presencie el hecho.
3. La persona es sorprendida y capturada con objetos, instrumentos o huellas, de los cuales aparezca fundadamente que momentos antes ha cometido un delito o participado en él.
ARTÍCULO 302. PROCEDIMIENTO EN CASO DE FLAGRANCIA. Cualquier persona podrá capturar a quien sea sorprendido en flagrancia.
Cuando sea una autoridad la que realice la captura deberá conducir al aprehendido inmediatamente o a más tardar en el término de la distancia, ante la Fiscalía General de la Nación.
Cuando sea un particular quien realiza la aprehensión deberá conducir al aprehendido en el término de la distancia ante cualquier autoridad de policía. Esta identificará al aprehendido, recibirá un informe detallado de las circunstancias en que se produjo la captura, y pondrá al capturado dentro del mismo plazo a disposición de la Fiscalía General de la Nación.
Si de la información suministrada o recogida aparece que el supuesto delito no comporta detención preventiva, el aprehendido o capturado será liberado por la Fiscalía, imponiéndosele bajo palabra un compromiso de comparecencia cuando sea necesario. De la misma forma se procederá si la captura fuere ilegal.
La Fiscalía General de la Nación, con fundamento en el informe recibido de la autoridad policiva o del particular que realizó la aprehensión, o con base en los elementos materiales probatorios y evidencia física aportados, presentará al aprehendido, inmediatamente o a más tardar dentro de las treinta y seis (36) horas siguientes, ante el juez de control de garantías para que este se pronuncie en audiencia preliminar sobre la legalidad de la aprehensión y las solicitudes de la Fiscalía, de la defensa y del Ministerio Público.
PARÁGRAFO. En todos los casos de captura, la policía judicial inmediatamente procederá a la plena identificación y registro del aprehendido, de acuerdo con lo previsto en el artículo 128 de este código, con el propósito de constatar capturas anteriores, procesos en curso y antecedentes.
ARTÍCULO 509. CAPTURA. El Fiscal General de la Nación decretará la captura de la persona requerida tan pronto conozca la solicitud formal de extradición, o antes, si así lo pide el Estado requirente, mediante nota en que exprese la plena identidad de la persona, la circunstancia de haberse proferido en su contra sentencia condenatoria, acusación o su equivalente y la urgencia de tal medida.
ARTÍCULO 510. DERECHO DE DEFENSA. Desde el momento en que se inicie el trámite de extradición la persona tendrá derecho a designar un defensor y de no hacerlo se le nombrará de oficio.
ARTÍCULO 511. CAUSALES DE LIBERTAD. La persona reclamada será puesta en libertad incondicional por el Fiscal General de la Nación, si dentro de los sesenta (60) días siguientes a la fecha de su captura no se hubiere formalizado la petición de extradición, o si transcurrido el término de treinta (30) días desde cuando fuere puesta a disposición del Estado requirente, este no procedió a su traslado.
(a) The Court shall have the authority to make requests to States Parties for cooperation. The requests shall be transmitted through the diplomatic channel or any other appropriate channel as may be designated by each State Party upon ratification, acceptance, approval or accession. Subsequent changes to the designation shall be made by each State Party in accordance with the Rules of Procedure and Evidence.
(b) When appropriate, without prejudice to the provisions of subparagraph (a), requests may also be transmitted through the International Criminal Police Organization or any appropriate regional organization.
2. Requests for cooperation and any documents supporting the request shall either be in or be accompanied by a translation into an official language of the requested State or one of the working languages of the Court, in accordance with the choice made by that State upon ratification, acceptance, approval or accession. Subsequent changes to this choice shall be made in accordance with the Rules of Procedure and Evidence.
3. The requested State shall keep confidential a request for cooperation and any documents supporting the request, except to the extent that the disclosure is necessary for execution of the request.
4. In relation to any request for assistance presented under this Part, the Court may take such measures, including measures related to the protection of information, as may be necessary to ensure the safety or physical or psychological well-being of any victims, potential witnesses and their families. The Court may request that any information that is made available under this Part shall be provided and handled in a manner that protects the safety and physical or psychological well-being of any victims, potential witnesses and their families.
(a) The Court may invite any State not party to this Statute to provide assistance under this Part on the basis of an ad hoc arrangement, an agreement with such State or any other appropriate basis.
(b) Where a State not party to this Statute, which has entered into an ad hoc arrangement or an agreement with the Court, fails to cooperate with requests pursuant to any such arrangement or agreement, the Court may so inform the Assembly of States Parties or, where the Security Council referred the matter to the Court, the Security Council.
6. The Court may ask any intergovernmental organization to provide information or documents. The Court may also ask for other forms of cooperation and assistance which may be agreed upon with such an organization and which are in accordance with its competence or mandate.
7. Where a State Party fails to comply with a request to cooperate by the Court contrary to the provisions of this Statute, thereby preventing the Court from exercising its functions and powers under this Statute, the Court may make a finding to that effect and refer the matter to the Assembly of States Parties or, where the Security Council referred the matter to the Court, to the Security Council.
States Parties shall ensure that there are procedures available under their national law for all of the forms of cooperation which are specified under this Part.
1. The Court may transmit a request for the arrest and surrender of a person, together with the material supporting the request outlined in article 91, to any State on the territory of which that person may be found and shall request the cooperation of that State in the arrest and surrender of such a person. States Parties shall, in accordance with the provisions of this Part and the procedure under their national law, comply with requests for arrest and surrender.
2. Where the person sought for surrender brings a challenge before a national court on the basis of the principle of ne bis in idem as provided in article 20, the requested State shall immediately consult with the Court to determine if there has been a relevant ruling on admissibility. If the case is admissible, the requested State shall proceed with the execution of the request. If an admissibility ruling is pending, the requested State may postpone the execution of the request for surrender of the person until the Court makes a determination on admissibility.
(a) A State Party shall authorize, in accordance with its national procedural law, transportation through its territory of a person being surrendered to the Court by another State, except where transit through that State would impede or delay the surrender.
(b) A request by the Court for transit shall be transmitted in accordance with article 87. The request for transit shall contain:
(i) A description of the person being transported;
(ii) A brief statement of the facts of the case and their legal characterization; and
(iii) The warrant for arrest and surrender;
(c) A person being transported shall be detained in custody during the period of transit;
(d) No authorization is required if the person is transported by air and no landing is scheduled on the territory of the transit State;
(e) If an unscheduled landing occurs on the territory of the transit State, that State may require a request for transit from the Court as provided for in subparagraph (b). The transit State shall detain the person being transported until the request for transit is received and the transit is effected, provided that detention for purposes of this subparagraph may not be extended beyond 96 hours from the unscheduled landing unless the request is received within that time.
4. If the person sought is being proceeded against or is serving a sentence in the requested State for a crime different from that for which surrender to the Court is sought, the requested State, after making its decision to grant the request, shall consult with the Court.
1. A State Party which receives a request from the Court for the surrender of a person under article 89 shall, if it also receives a request from any other State for the extradition of the same person for the same conduct which forms the basis of the crime for which the Court seeks the person's surrender, notify the Court and the requesting State of that fact.
2. Where the requesting State is a State Party, the requested State shall give priority to the request from the Court if:
(a) The Court has, pursuant to article 18 or 19, made a determination that the case in respect of which surrender is sought is admissible and that determination takes into account the investigation or prosecution conducted by the requesting State in respect of its request for extradition; or
(b) The Court makes the determination described in subparagraph (a) pursuant to the requested State's notification under paragraph 1.
3. Where a determination under paragraph 2 (a) has not been made, the requested State may, at its discretion, pending the determination of the Court under paragraph 2 (b), proceed to deal with the request for extradition from the requesting State but shall not extradite the person until the Court has determined that the case is inadmissible. The Court's determination shall be made on an expedited basis.
4. If the requesting State is a State not Party to this Statute the requested State, if it is not under an international obligation to extradite the person to the requesting State, shall give priority to the request for surrender from the Court, if the Court has determined that the case is admissible.
5. Where a case under paragraph 4 has not been determined to be admissible by the Court, the requested State may, at its discretion, proceed to deal with the request for extradition from the requesting State.
6. In cases where paragraph 4 applies except that the requested State is under an existing international obligation to extradite the person to the requesting State not Party to this Statute, the requested State shall determine whether to surrender the person to the Court or extradite the person to the requesting State. In making its decision, the requested State shall consider all the relevant factors, including but not limited to:
(a) The respective dates of the requests;
(b) The interests of the requesting State including, where relevant, whether the crime was committed in its territory and the nationality of the victims and of the person sought; and
(c) The possibility of subsequent surrender between the Court and the requesting State.
7. Where a State Party which receives a request from the Court for the surrender of a person also receives a request from any State for the extradition of the same person for conduct other than that which constitutes the crime for which the Court seeks the person's surrender:
(a) The requested State shall, if it is not under an existing international obligation to extradite the person to the requesting State, give priority to the request from the Court;
(b) The requested State shall, if it is under an existing international obligation to extradite the person to the requesting State, determine whether to surrender the person to the Court or to extradite the person to the requesting State. In making its decision, the requested State shall consider all the relevant factors, including but not limited to those set out in paragraph 6, but shall give special consideration to the relative nature and gravity of the conduct in question.
Where pursuant to a notification under this article, the Court has determined a case to be inadmissible, and subsequently extradition to the requesting State is refused, the requested State shall notify the Court of this decision.
1. A request for arrest and surrender shall be made in writing. In urgent cases, a request may be made by any medium capable of delivering a written record, provided that the request shall be confirmed through the channel provided for in article 87, paragraph 1 (a).
2. In the case of a request for the arrest and surrender of a person for whom a warrant of arrest has been issued by the Pre-Trial Chamber under article 58, the request shall contain or be supported by:
(a) Information describing the person sought, sufficient to identify the person, and information as to that person's probable location;
(b) A copy of the warrant of arrest; and
(c) Such documents, statements or information as may be necessary to meet the requirements for the surrender process in the requested State, except that those requirements should not be more burdensome than those applicable to requests for extradition pursuant to treaties or arrangements between the requested State and other States and should, if possible, be less burdensome, taking into account the distinct nature of the Court.
3. In the case of a request for the arrest and surrender of a person already convicted, the request shall contain or be supported by:
(a) A copy of any warrant of arrest for that person;
(b) A copy of the judgement of conviction;
(c) Information to demonstrate that the person sought is the one referred to in the judgement of conviction; and
(d) If the person sought has been sentenced, a copy of the sentence imposed and, in the case of a sentence for imprisonment, a statement of any time already served and the time remaining to be served.
4. Upon the request of the Court, a State Party shall consult with the Court, either generally or with respect to a specific matter, regarding any requirements under its national law that may apply under paragraph 2 (c). During the consultations, the State Party shall advise the Court of the specific requirements of its national law.
1. In urgent cases, the Court may request the provisional arrest of the person sought, pending presentation of the request for surrender and the documents supporting the request as specified in article 91.
2. The request for provisional arrest shall be made by any medium capable of delivering a written record and shall contain:
(a) Information describing the person sought, sufficient to identify the person, and information as to that person's probable location;
(b) A concise statement of the crimes for which the person's arrest is sought and of the facts which are alleged to constitute those crimes, including, where possible, the date and location of the crime;
(c) A statement of the existence of a warrant of arrest or a judgement of conviction against the person sought; and
(d) A statement that a request for surrender of the person sought will follow.
3. A person who is provisionally arrested may be released from custody if the requested State has not received the request for surrender and the documents supporting the request as specified in article 91 within the time limits specified in the Rules of Procedure and Evidence. However, the person may consent to surrender before the expiration of this period if permitted by the law of the requested State. In such a case, the requested State shall proceed to surrender the person to the Court as soon as possible.
4. The fact that the person sought has been released from custody pursuant to paragraph 3 shall not prejudice the subsequent arrest and surrender of that person if the request for surrender and the documents supporting the request are delivered at a later date.