Article 12 Necessary defense
1. An act committed in necessary defense is not a criminal offense.
2. An act is committed in necessary defense when a person commits the act to avert an unlawful, real and imminent attack against himself, herself or another person and the nature of the act is proportionate to the degree of danger posed by the attack.
3. An act that is disproportionate to the degree of danger posed by an attack exceeds the limits of the necessary defense.
4.When the perpetrator exceeds the limits of necessary defense, the punishment may be reduced. When the perpetrator exceeds the limits by reason of strong trauma or fear caused by the attack, the punishment may be waived.
Article 13 Extreme necessity
1. An act committed in extreme necessity is not a criminal offense.
2. An act is committed in extreme necessity when a person commits the act to avert an imminent
and unprovoked danger from himself, herself or another person which could not have otherwise
3 been averted, provided that the harm created to avert the danger does not exceed the harm threatened.
3.When the perpetrator caused the danger through negligence, or exceeds the limits of extreme necessity, the punishment may be reduced. When the perpetrator exceeds the limits in exceptionally mitigating circumstances, the punishment may be waived.
4.There is no extreme necessity if the perpetrator was obliged by law to expose himself or herself to the danger.