SECTION ONE
CHAPTER 2. HUMAN AND CIVIL RIGHTS AND FREEDOMS
Article 54
2. Nobody may bear liability for an action, which was not regarded as a crime when it was committed. If, after an offense has been committed, the extent of liability for it is lifted or mitigated, the new law shall be applied.
General Part
Section I. Criminal Law
Chapter 1. The Tasks and Principles of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation
Article 3. The Principle of Legality
1. The criminality of a deed, and also its punishability and other legal consequences shall be determined by the present Code alone .
1. A person shall not be criminally responsible under this Statute unless the conduct in question constitutes, at the time it takes place, a crime within the jurisdiction of the Court.
2. The definition of a crime shall be strictly construed and shall not be extended by analogy. In case of ambiguity, the definition shall be interpreted in favour of the person being investigated, prosecuted or convicted.
3. This article shall not affect the characterization of any conduct as criminal under international law independently of this Statute.