CHAPTER I
PROTECTION OF FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS AND FREEDOMS
3.- (2) Any person who is arrested or detained shall with reasonable promptitude and in any case no later than twenty-four hours after such arrest or detention be informed in a language that he understands of the reasons for his arrest or detention and be afforded reasonable facilities for private communication and consultation with a legal practitioner of his own choice and, in the case of a minor, with his parents or guardian.
CHAPTER I
PROTECTION OF FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS AND FREEDOMS
3.- (3) Any person who is arrested or detained -
a) for the purpose of bringing him before a court in execution of the order of a court ; or
b) upon reasonable suspicion of his having committed, or being about to commit, a criminal offence under any law and who is not released, shall be brought before a court without undue delay and in any case not later than seventy-two hours after such arrest or detention.
CHAPTER I
PROTECTION OF FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS AND FREEDOMS
3.- (5) If that person arrested or detained as mentioned in subsection (3)(b) of this section is not tried within a reasonable time, then without prejudice to any further proceedings that may be brought against him , he shall be released either unconditionally or upon reasonably necessary to ensure that he appears at a later date for trial or for proceedings preliminary to trial, and such conditions may include bail so long as it is not excessive.
CHAPTER I
PROTECTION OF FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS AND FREEDOMS
5.- No person shall be subjected to torture or to inhuman or degrading punishment or other treatment.
CHAPTER I
PROTECTION OF FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS AND FREEDOMS
8. -
(2) Every person who is charged with a criminal offence -
a) shall be presumed to be innocent until he is proved or has pleaded guilty ;
b) shall be informed as soon as reasonably practicable, in a language that he understands and detail, of the nature of the offence charged ;
c) shall be given adequate time and facilities for the preparation of his defence ;
d) shall be permitted to defend himself before the court in person or, at his own expense, by a legal practitioner of his own choice ;
e) shall be afforded facilities to examine in person or by his legal representative the witnesses called by the prosecution before the court, and to obtain the attendance and carry out the examination of witnesses to testify on his behalf before the court on the same conditions as those applying to witnesses called by the prosecution ; and
f) shall be permitted to have without payment the assistance of an interpreter if he cannot understand the language used at the trial, and except with his own consent the trial shall not take place in his absence unless he so conducts himself as to render the continuance of the proceedings in his presence impracticable and the court has ordered him to be removed and the trial to proceed in his absence :
Provided that the trial may take place in his absence in any case in which it is so provided by a law under which he is entitled to adequate notice of the charge and the date, time and place of the trail and to a reasonable opportunity of appearing before the court.
(3) When a person is tried for any criminal offence, the accused person or any person authorized by him in that behalf shall, if he so requires and subject to payment of such reasonable fee as may be prescribed by law, be given within a reasonable time after judgment a copy for the use of the accused person of any record of the proceedings made by or on behalf of the court.
(4) A person shall not be held to be guilty of a criminal offence on account of any act or omission that did not, at the time it took place, constitute such an offence, and no penalty shall be imposed for any criminal offence that is severer in degree or description than the maximum penalty that might have been imposed for that offence at the time when it was committed.
(5) A person who shows that he has been tried by a competent court for a criminal offence and either convicted or acquitted shall not again be tried for that offence or for any other criminal offence of which he could have been convicted at the trial for that offence, save upon the order of a superior court in the course of appeal or review proceeding relating to the conviction or acquittal.
(6) A person shall not be tried for a criminal offence if he shows that he has been pardoned for that offence.
(7) A person who is tried for a criminal offence shall not be compelled to give evidence at the trial.
CHAPTER THREE
Procedure
PART I
ARREST AND BAIL
Detention and Bringing up of Person Arrested Bringing person arrested before Court
584.—(1) Any person arrested for any cause, whether with or without warrant, shall be brought before the Court or the Judge, or a Magistrate, as the case may be, as soon as is practicable but not later than seventy-two hours of his or her arrest.
(2) If a person arrested is to be questioned, he or she shall be informed
(a) that the person has the right to remain silent, without such silence being a consideration in the determination of guilt or innocence; and
(b) of their rights under section 589; and
(c) that the person has a right to be questioned in the presence of a lawyer unless the person voluntarily waives the right to counsel;
(d) of their right to have legal assistance of their choosing or to have legal assistance assigned to them if the arrest is for an offence under section 86 or 87.
CHAPTER THREE
Procedure
PART I
ARREST AND BAIL
Interview with Legal Practitioner Intimation to and interview with legal practitioner
589. A person who is arrested, shall, immediately upon arrest be entitled, if he or she desires, to have intimation sent to any legal practitioner, and to have a private interview, subject to any necessary surveillance, with the legal practitioner prior to being brought before the Court.
Savings as to arrest or detention under other laws
590. Nothing shall take away or diminish any authority under any enactment for the time being in force to arrest, detain, or put any restraint on the person.
CHAPTER THREE
Procedure
PART IV
SUMMARY PROCEEDINGS
Sub-Part A - Trial of Summary Offences
Adjournment or Immediate Trial Hearing after Adjournment
Notice of defence to complainant
704.— (1) Where the defendant intends to plead and give evidence of a special defence, he or she shall give written notice of such defence to the complainant, with any information which might be of material assistance to the complainant including any information in the possession of the defendant, relating to witnesses the defendant intends to call in support of the special defence.
(2) Where the defendant intends to plead and give evidence of an alibi, he or she shall give notice of such alibi to the complainant with particulars as to time and place and of the witnesses by whom he or she proposes to prove it, before the examination of the first witness for the prosecution commences.
(3) The complainant on being given a notice under subsection (1) shall, if he or she so desires, be entitled to an adjournment of the case.
Case and evidence for complainant
705. If the defendant does not admit the truth of the complaint, the Court shall proceed to hear the complainant and such other evidence as he or she may adduce in support of his or her complaint.
Caution to undefended defendant
706. Where the defendant is not represented by counsel, on the completion of the examination of the witnesses on the part of the pros-ecution, the following caution or words to the like effect shall, before he or she is called as a witness, be addressed to him or her by or under the direction of the Court:
“Having heard the evidence against you, do you wish to be called as a witness and give evidence in answer to the complaint? You are not obliged to give evidence unless you wish, but if you are called, the evidence you give will be evidence in the case.”
Case and evidence for defendant
707. The Court shall also hear the defendant and any witnesses as he or she may call and such other evidence as he or she may adduce, in his or her defence.
CHAPTER THREE
Procedure
PART VI
INDICTABLE TRIALS
SUB-PART A
THE TRIAL
Reply for the Prosecution
Defence by counsel and caution to undefended accused
916.— (1) Any person charged with an indictable offence may make his or her full defence by counsel.
(2) Where an accused person is not defended by counsel, then, on the completion of the examination of the witnesses on the part of the prosecution, the Judge shall inform him or her, or cause him or her to be informed, of his or her right to address the jury and to give evidence on his or her own behalf or to remain silent, and also of his or her right to call witnesses in his or her defence.
Opening of case and examining witnesses for defence
917. At every trial for an indictable offence, the accused or his or her counsel shall be entitled to open his or her case, and after the conclusion of such opening, the accused or his or her counsel shall be entitled to examine such witnesses as he or she thinks fit, and when all the evidence is concluded, to sum up the evidence by way of an address to the jury.
CHAPTER THREE
Procedure
PART VI
INDICTABLE TRIALS
SUB-PART C
Verdicts and Related Matters
Miscellaneous Matters
Presence of accused at trial
1012.— (1) Every accused person shall be entitled to be present in Court during the whole of his or her trial, unless he or she misconducts himself or herself by so interrupting the proceedings as to render the conduct of the proceedings in his or her presence impracticable.
(2) The Court may, if it thinks fit, permit an accused to be out of Court during the whole or any part of any trial, on such terms as it considers appropriate.
CHAPTER FOUR
Punishment, Pardon, Remission, Rewards and Miscellaneous Matters
PART I
General Provisions
SUB-PART A – PUNISHMENT IN GENERAL
Conviction essential before punishment
1089. When a person is declared to be liable to punishment for doing an act that person shall only be liable to punishment after he or she is duly convicted.
CHAPTER FOUR
Punishment, Pardon, Remission, Rewards and Miscellaneous Matters
PART I
General Provisions
SUB-PART A – PUNISHMENT IN GENERAL
Punishment not to be double
1090. A person shall not be punished twice for the same offence under the provisions of this Code or any other law, except in the case where a person causes the death of another person, in which case he or she may be convicted of the offence which he or she committed by reason of causing such death, notwithstanding that he or she has already been convicted of some other offence constituted by his or her act.
Prosecution and punishment under one or more enactments
1091. Where an act constitutes an offence, punishable on summary conviction or on indictment, under the same enactment or under two or more enactments, the offender shall, unless the contrary intention appears, be liable to be prosecuted and punished accordingly under either or any of such enactments, but shall not be liable to be punished twice for the same offence.
1. En las investigaciones realizadas de conformidad con el presente Estatuto:
(a) Nadie será obligado a declarar contra sí mismo ni a declararse culpable;
(b) Nadie será sometido a forma alguna de coacción, intimidación o amenaza, a torturas ni a otros tratos o castigos crueles, inhumanos o degradantes;
(c) Quien haya de ser interrogado en un idioma que no sea el que comprende y habla perfectamente contará, sin cargo alguno, con los servicios de un intérprete competente y las traducciones que sean necesarias a los efectos de cumplir el requisito de equidad; y
(d) Nadie será sometido a arresto o detención arbitrarios ni será privado de su libertad salvo por los motivos previstos en el presente Estatuto y de conformidad con los procedimientos establecidos en él.
2. Cuando haya motivos para creer que una persona ha cometido un crimen de la competencia de la Corte y esa persona haya de ser interrogada por el Fiscal o por las autoridades nacionales, en cumplimiento de una solicitud hecha de conformidad con lo dispuesto en la Parte IX, tendrá además los derechos siguientes, de los que será informada antes del interrogatorio:
(a) A ser informada de que existen motivos para creer que ha cometido un crimen de la competencia de la Corte;
(b) A guardar silencio, sin que ello pueda tenerse en cuenta a los efectos de determinar su culpabilidad o inocencia;
(c) A ser asistida por un abogado defensor de su elección o, si no lo tuviere, a que se le asigne un defensor de oficio, siempre que fuere necesario en interés de la justicia y, en cualquier caso, sin cargo si careciere de medios suficientes; y
(d) A ser interrogada en presencia de su abogado, a menos que haya renunciado voluntariamente a su derecho a asistencia letrada.
1. El acusado estará presente durante el juicio.
2. Si el acusado, estando presente en la Corte, perturbare continuamente el juicio, la Sala de Primera Instancia podrá disponer que salga de ella y observe el proceso y dé instrucciones a su defensor desde fuera, utilizando, en caso necesario, tecnologías de comunicación. Esas medidas se adoptarán únicamente en circunstancias excepcionales, después de que se haya demostrado que no hay otras posibilidades razonables y adecuadas, y únicamente durante el tiempo que sea estrictamente necesario.
1. Se presumirá que toda persona es inocente mientras no se pruebe su culpabilidad ante la Corte de conformidad con el derecho aplicable.
2. Incumbirá al Fiscal probar la culpabilidad del acusado.
3. Para dictar sentencia condenatoria, la Corte deberá estar convencida de la culpabilidad del acusado más allá de toda duda razonable.
1. En la determinación de cualquier cargo, el acusado tendrá derecho a ser oído públicamente, habida cuenta de las disposiciones del presente Estatuto, y a una audiencia justa e imparcial, así como a las siguientes garantías mínimas en pie de plena igualdad:
(a) A ser informado sin demora y en forma detallada, en un idioma que comprenda y hable perfectamente, de la naturaleza, la causa y el contenido de los cargos que se le imputan;
(b) A disponer del tiempo y de los medios adecuados para la preparación de su defensa y a comunicarse libre y confidencialmente con un defensor de su elección;
(c) A ser juzgado sin dilaciones indebidas;
(d) Con sujeción a lo dispuesto en el párrafo 2 del artículo 63, el acusado tendrá derecho a hallarse presente en el proceso y a defenderse personalmente o ser asistido por un defensor de su elección; a ser informado, si no tuviera defensor, del derecho que le asiste a tenerlo y, siempre que el interés de la justicia lo exija, a que se le nombre defensor de oficio, gratuitamente si careciere de medios suficientes para pagarlo;
(e) A interrogar o hacer interrogar a los testigos de cargo y a obtener la comparecencia de los testigos de descargo y que éstos sean interrogados en las mismas condiciones que los testigos de cargo. El acusado tendrá derecho también a oponer excepciones y a presentar cualquier otra prueba admisible de conformidad con el presente Estatuto;
(f) A ser asistido gratuitamente por un intérprete competente y a obtener las traducciones necesarias para satisfacer los requisitos de equidad, si en las actuaciones ante la Corte o en los documentos presentados a la Corte se emplea un idioma que no comprende y no habla;
(g) A no ser obligado a declarar contra sí mismo ni a declararse culpable y a guardar silencio, sin que ello pueda tenerse en cuenta a los efectos de determinar su culpabilidad o inocencia;
(h) A declarar de palabra o por escrito en su defensa sin prestar juramento; y
(i) A que no se invierta la carga de la prueba ni le sea impuesta la carga de presentar contrapruebas.
2. Además de cualquier otra divulgación de información estipulada en el presente Estatuto, el Fiscal divulgará a la defensa, tan pronto como sea posible, las pruebas que obren en su poder o estén bajo su control y que, a su juicio, indiquen o tiendan a indicar la inocencia del acusado, o a atenuar su culpabilidad, o que puedan afectar a la credibilidad de las pruebas de cargo. En caso de duda acerca de la aplicación de este párrafo, la Corte decidirá.